栗苞水提物对小鼠生长性能、脏器系数、抗氧化功能及组织结构的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.05.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究栗苞水提物(CBE)对小鼠生长性能、脏器系数、抗氧化功能及组织结构的影响，以期为CBE在动物生产中的开发和应用提供参考。【方法】选用40只4周龄SPF级昆明小鼠，随机分为5组，每组8只。对照组小鼠正常给予饮水，各试验组小鼠饮水中分别添加0.05%、0.10%、0.25%和0.50% CBE。试验期28 d。试验结束后计算各组小鼠的平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、料重比(F/G)和平均日饮水量(ADWI)；摘眼球采血并颈椎脱臼处死小鼠，采集心脏、脾脏、胸腺、肾脏、肝脏组织，计算脏器系数，通过HE染色观察肝脏、脾脏组织结构变化并测定血清和肝脏中抗氧化指标。【结果】与对照组相比，①CBE对各组小鼠终末体重、ADG、ADFI、F/G和ADWI均无显著影响(P＞0.05)。②CBE对小鼠心脏指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数和肾脏指数均无显著影响(P＞0.05)。③0.05%和0.10% CBE组小鼠肝脏和脾脏组织结构无明显病理变化；0.25%和0.50% CBE组小鼠肝脏出现炎性细胞浸润，肝血窦间隙轻微增宽；脾脏组织结构相对紊乱，白髓区明显萎缩。④0.10%、0.25%和0.50% CBE组小鼠血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著升高(P＜0.05)；0.05%和0.10% CBE组小鼠血清中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著升高(P＜0.05)；0.10%和0.25% CBE组小鼠血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P＜0.05)，过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著升高(P＜0.05)；各试验组小鼠血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)无显著变化(P＞0.05)。⑤0.10% CBE组小鼠肝脏中GSH-Px活性显著升高(P＜0.05)；0.05%、0.10%和0.25% CBE组小鼠肝脏中T-SOD活性显著升高(P＜0.05)；各试验组小鼠肝脏中MDA含量无显著变化(P＞0.05)；0.10% CBE组小鼠肝脏中CAT活性和T-AOC均显著升高(P＜0.05)。【结论】本试验条件下，在饮水中添加0.10% CBE能够提高小鼠机体抗氧化能力，且不影响小鼠的生长性能、脏器系数，对肝脏、脾脏组织结构无可见损伤。

关键词: 栗苞水提物; 小鼠; 生长性能; 抗氧化功能; 组织结构

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of chestnut bur aqueous extracts (CBE) on growth performance,organ coefficient,antioxidant function and tissue structure in mice,and provide reference for the development and application of CBE in animal production.【Method】 Forty 4-week-old SPF Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8 mice each.Mice in control group were given normal drinking water,and mice in experimental groups were supplemented with 0.05%,0.10%,0.25% and 0.50% CBE in drinking water,respectively.The test was maintained for 28 days.After the experiment,the average daily gain (ADG),average daily feed intake (ADFI),feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) and average daily water intake (ADWI) in each group were calculated.Blood was collected by picking eyeball,and mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation method.Heart,spleen,thymus,kidney and liver were isolated,and organ coefficients were calculated.Tissue structure of liver and spleen was observed by HE staining,and antioxidant indicators in serum and liver were detected.【Result】 Compared with control group,①CBE had no significant effects on final body weight,ADG,ADFI,F/G and ADWI in mice (P＞0.05).②CBE had no significant effects on the indices of heart,spleen,thymus and kidney (P＞0.05).③There were no significant pathological changes of tissue structures in liver and spleen of mice in 0.05% and 0.10% CBE groups.Inflammatory cell infiltration and slight widening of hepatic sinusoids were observed in liver of 0.25% and 0.50% CBE groups.The spleen tissue structure was relatively disordered,and the white pulp area in 0.25% and 0.50% CBE groups was significantly atrophied.④The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum of mice in 0.10%,0.25% and 0.50% CBE groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in serum of mice in 0.05% and 0.10% CBE groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum of mice in 0.10% and 0.25% CBE groups was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and the activity of catalase (CAT) was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) had no significant difference in serum of mice in experimental groups (P＞0.05).⑤The GSH-Px activity in liver of mice in 0.10% CBE group was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the T-SOD activity in 0.05%,0.10% and 0.25% CBE groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05).There were no significant change of MDA content in liver of mice in experimental groups (P＞0.05).The activity of CAT and T-AOC in liver of mice in 0.10% CBE group was significantly increased (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Under the condition of this experiment,0.10% CBE addition to drinking water could enhance the antioxidant capacity of mice without affecting their growth performance and organ coefficients,and there were no visible damage of the tissue structure of liver and spleen.

Key words: chestnut bur aqueous extract; mice; growth performance; antioxidant function; tissue structure

中图分类号:

S816.73

赵娜, 王立中, 朱莲英, 蔡玉梅, 李爽, 李成会. 栗苞水提物对小鼠生长性能、脏器系数、抗氧化功能及组织结构的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(5): 2056-2065.

ZHAO Na, WANG Lizhong, ZHU Lianying, CAI Yumei, LI Shuang, LI Chenghui. Effects of Chestnut Bur Aqueous Extracts on Growth Performance,Organ Coefficient,Antioxidant Function and Tissue Structure in Mice[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(5): 2056-2065.

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