盐津乌骨鸡雏鸡饲粮适宜粗蛋白质水平研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对盐津乌骨鸡雏鸡生长性能、血液生化指标和养分利用的影响，确定其饲粮适宜粗蛋白质水平。【方法】选择1日龄体重相近、健康的盐津乌骨鸡200只，公母混养，随机分为5组，每组5个重复，每个重复8只(公母各半)，分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平为17.40%、18.70%、20.00%、21.30%、22.60%的饲粮(17.40% CP、18.70% CP、20.00% CP、21.30% CP、22.60% CP组)。在试验第1、42天称重，试验期间以重复为单位记录采食量和剩料量，计算平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)；第36-39天进行代谢试验，测定总能、粗蛋白质、氨基酸；在试验第43天，每重复选取2只试验鸡采血和屠宰，测定血液生化指标和体成分。【结果】饲粮粗蛋白质水平对试验鸡初始体重、终末体重、ADG、ADFI和F/G均无显著影响(P＞0.05)，但终末体重有差异显著趋势(P=0.095)，且在饲粮粗蛋白质水平为20.00%时最高；17.40% CP、18.70% CP组蛋白质沉积率显著高于20.00% CP、21.30% CP和22.60% CP组(P＜0.05)；除赖氨酸和蛋氨酸外的8种必需氨基酸沉积率呈现随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的增加而显著下降的趋势(P＜0.05)，且均随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的增加呈线性和二次曲线降低(P＜0.05)；食入氮和粪便氮均随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的增加呈线性和二次曲线升高(P＜0.05)，氮利用率总体上随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的增加呈线性和二次曲线降低(P＜0.05)；21.30% CP、22.60% CP组鸡血清尿酸含量显著高于17.40% CP和18.70% CP组，且随饲粮粗蛋白质水平的增加呈线性和二次曲线升高(P＜0.05)。【结论】推荐盐津乌骨鸡雏鸡饲粮适宜粗蛋白质水平为20.00%。

关键词: 盐津乌骨鸡; 饲粮粗蛋白质水平; 生长性能; 血液生化指标; 养分利用

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary crude protein level on growth performance,blood biochemical indexes and nutrient utilization of Yanjin Black-bone chickens,and to determine the appropriate dietary crude protein level.【Method】 A total of 200 one-day-old Yanjin Black-bone chickens with similar body weight and health were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 8 chickens in each replicate (half male and half female),and the diets were fed with crude protein levels of 17.40%,18.70%,20.00%,21.30% and 22.60%,respectively (17.40% CP,18.70% CP,20.00% CP,21.30% CP and 22.60% CP groups).During the experiment,the average daily gain (ADG),average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed to gain ratio (F/G) were calculated.Metabolic tests were carried out on days 36-39 to determine total energy,crude protein,and amino acid. On the 43rd day of the experiment,2 chickens in each replicate were selected for blood sampling and slaughter to determine serum biochemical indexes and body composition.【Result】 Dietary crude protein level had no significant effects on initial body weight,final body weight,ADG,ADFI and F/G (P＞0.05),but the final body weight increased first and then decreased with the increase of dietary crude protein level (P=0.095),and the highest final body weight was obtained when the dietary crude protein level was 20.00%.The protein deposition rate of 17.40% CP and 18.70% CP groups was significantly higher than that of 20.00% CP,21.30% CP and 22.60% CP groups (P＜0.05).The deposition rates of 8 essential amino acids except lysine and methionine showed a significant downward trend with the increase of dietary crude protein level (P＜0.05),and all of them decreased linearly and quadratically with the increase of dietary crude protein level (P＜0.05). The nitrogen intake and fecal nitrogen increased linearly and quadratically with the increase of dietary crude protein level (P＜0.05), and nitrogen utilization rate decreased linearly and quadratically with the increase of dietary crude protein level (P＜0.05). The serum uric acid content of chickens in 21.30% CP and 22.60% CP groups were significantly higher than that in 17.40% CP and 18.70% CP groups, and increased linearly and quadratically with the increase of dietary crude protein level (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 The recommended dietary crude protein level for Yanjin Black-bone chicken was 20.00%.

Key words: Yanjin Black-bone chickens; dietary crude protein level; growth performance; blood biochemical index; nutrient utilization

中图分类号:

S815.1

张正菲, 汤安兴, 孙金东, 付礼想, 王星仙, 张诗云, 杨亮宇, 牛国一, 陶琳丽. 盐津乌骨鸡雏鸡饲粮适宜粗蛋白质水平研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(4): 1543-1553.

ZHANG Zhengfei, TANG Anxing, SUN Jindong, FU Lixiang, WANG Xingxian, ZHANG Shiyun, YANG Liangyu, NIU Guoyi, TAO Linli. Study on the Appropriate Dietary Crude Protein Level of Yanjin Black-bone Chickens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(4): 1543-1553.

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