色氨酸及其细菌代谢产物对畜禽肠道屏障及生产性能影响的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 色氨酸(tryptophan，Trp)是功能性必需氨基酸之一。色氨酸及其细菌代谢产物对维持宿主肠道稳态，促进机体生长性能和代谢极为重要。色氨酸通过吲哚途径、犬尿氨酸途径和5-羟色胺途径等代谢过程，产生多种具有益生功能的细菌代谢产物。色氨酸及其代谢产物能够促进肠道上皮细胞的紧密连接蛋白表达，增加肠道黏膜屏障中黏蛋白的合成与分泌，此外，色氨酸及其代谢产物通过促进肠道微生物中一些有益菌的定植，抑制致病菌的增殖，维持菌群稳定性和多样性。色氨酸及其细菌代谢产物对畜禽生长性能的积极影响，包括提高采食量、日增重，缓解生长阻碍及提高畜禽产品品质等。然而，目前对色氨酸细菌代谢产物在畜禽肠道健康、营养代谢和生长性能中的作用机制尚缺乏系统性研究。未来的研究可探讨色氨酸细菌代谢产物如何影响畜禽肠道微生物定植，如何介导不同信号通路调控肠道屏障功能。作者综述了近些年色氨酸及其细菌代谢产物对畜禽肠道黏膜屏障及其在调节畜禽生长性能和免疫反应中的作用，旨在为色氨酸细菌代谢产物应用于畜禽生产提供新思路、新方法。

关键词: 色氨酸; 细菌代谢产物; 肠道黏膜屏障; 生长性能; 畜禽

Abstract: Tryptophan (Trp) is one of the essential functional amino acid.Tryptophan and its bacterial metabolites are crucial for maintaining host intestinal homeostasis,promoting growth performance and metabolism.Tryptophan produces various beneficial bacterial metabolites through metabolic processes such as indole,kynurenine and 5-hydroxytryptamine pathways.Tryptophan and its metabolites can promote the expression of tight junction proteins in intestinal epithelial cells,increase the synthesis and secretion of mucins in the intestinal mucosal barrier.In addition,tryptophan and its metabolites promote the colonization of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal microbiota,inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria,and maintain the stability and diversity of the microbiota.The positive effects of tryptophan and its bacterial metabolites on the growth performance of livestock and poultry include increasing feed intake,daily weight gain,alleviating growth barriers,and improving the quality of livestock and poultry products.However,there is currently a lack of systematic research on the mechanism of action of tryptophan bacterial metabolites in the intestinal health,nutritional metabolism and growth performance of livestock and poultry.Future research should focus on how tryptophan metabolites influence microbial colonization and mediate different signaling pathways to regulate intestinal barrier function.The authors summarize recent findings on the role of tryptophan and its metabolites in enhancing the intestinal mucosal barrier,growth performance,and immune response,aiming to provide new ideas and methods for the application of tryptophan bacterial metabolites in livestock and poultry production.

Key words: tryptophan; bacterial metabolites; intestinal mucosal barrier; growth performance; livestock and poultry

中图分类号:

S811.6

杨鑫硕, 常丹翼, 续丹丹, 张海华, 马秋刚, 黄世猛. 色氨酸及其细菌代谢产物对畜禽肠道屏障及生产性能影响的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 636-644.

YANG Xinshuo, CHANG Danyi, XU Dandan, ZHANG Haihua, MA Qiugang, HUANG Shimeng. Advances in the Impact of Tryptophan and Its Bacterial Metabolites on Intestinal Barrier Function and Growth Performance in Livestock and Poultry[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 636-644.

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