辣椒油树脂对育肥牛血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究辣椒油树脂(oleoresin capsicum，OC)对育肥牛血清生化、免疫及抗氧化指标的影响，为辣椒油树脂在育肥牛饲养生产中的应用提供理论依据。【方法】选取体况良好、月龄相近(15.5±0.5)、体重相近(484.73 kg±48.42 kg)的西门塔尔牛杂交牛48头，采用随机区组设计分为4组，每组12个重复，每个重复1头牛。对照组牛饲喂牛场原有饲粮；试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组牛在牛场原有饲粮基础上分别添加4、8和12 g/d 辣椒油树脂。预试期7 d，正试期90 d。试验结束后采集血样，测定血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标。【结果】与对照组相比，①试验Ⅱ组牛血清中总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量显著增加(P＜0.05)，而尿素氮(BUN)含量显著降低(P＜0.05)。②试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组牛血清中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量均显著增加(P＜0.05)，白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、IL-2和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量均显著降低(P＜0.05)；试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组牛血清中IgM、IL-4含量均显著增加(P＜0.05)，γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)含量显著降低(P＜0.05)；试验Ⅱ组牛血清中IgG含量显著增加(P＜0.05)，而试验Ⅲ组牛血清中IgG、IgM、IL-4、IFN-γ含量均无显著变化(P＞0.05)。③试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组牛血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均显著增加(P＜0.05)，丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P＜0.05)；试验Ⅱ组牛血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著增加(P＜0.05)；试验Ⅲ组牛血清中各项抗氧化指标均无显著变化(P＞0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加适量辣椒油树脂可在一定程度上提高育肥牛机体的抗氧化力和免疫力。本试验条件下，在育肥牛饲粮中添加8 g/d辣椒油树脂时提高机体抗氧化力和免疫力的效果最佳。

关键词: 辣椒油树脂; 育肥牛; 血清生化; 免疫力; 抗氧化功能

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oleoresin capsicum (OC) on serum biochemical,immune and antioxidant indexes of fattening cattle,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of OC in fattening cattle rearing and production. 【Method】 Forty-eight Simmental crossbred cattle in good condition,of similar age (15.5±0.5) and weight (484.73 kg±48.42 kg) were selected and divided into four groups of 12 replicates each with one cattle per replicate in a randomized block design.The cattle in control group were fed with the original diet of cattle farm,and cattle in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed with adding 4,8 and 12 g/d OC to the original diet of cattle farm,respectively.The pre-test period was 7 d,and the test period was 90 d.Blood samples were collected at the end of the test to determine serum biochemical,immune and antioxidant indexes. 【Result】 Compared with control group,① The levels of total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) in serum of cattle in group Ⅱ were significantly increased (P＜0.05),whereas the urea nitrogen (BUN) level was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).②The immunoglobulin A (IgA) content in serum of cattle in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the contents of interleukin-1 (IL-1),IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The contents of IgM and IL-4 in serum of cattle in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) content was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The IgG content in serum of cattle in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the contents of IgG,IgM,IL-4 and IFN-γ in group Ⅲ showed no significant changes (P＞0.05).③The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in serum of cattle in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum of cattle in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P＜0.05),whereas there was no significant changes of various antioxidant indexes in group Ⅲ (P＞0.05). 【Conclusion】 Dietary supplementation of appropriate OC could improve the antioxidant capacity and immunity of fattening cattle to a certain extent.Under the conditions of this experiment,the supplementation of 8 g/d OC in diet of fattening cattle had the best effect on improving antioxidant capacity and immunity.

Key words: oleoresin capsicum; fattening cattle; serum biochemistry; immunity; antioxidant function

中图分类号:

S816.4

王紫华, 游伟, 成海建, 胡鑫, 胡志勇, 宋恩亮, 姜富贵. 辣椒油树脂对育肥牛血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 698-706.

WANG Zihua, YOU Wei, CHENG Haijian, HU Xin, HU Zhiyong, SONG Enliang, JIANG Fugui. Effects of Oleoresin Capsicum on Serum Biochemical,Immune and Antioxidant Indexes of Fattening Cattle[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 698-706.

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