豆蔻明对慢性热应激儋州鸡脏器系数、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力及炎性因子的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.03.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究旨在探讨豆蔻明(CDN)对慢性热应激儋州鸡脏器系数、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力及炎性因子的影响。【方法】试验选取200只1日龄儋州鸡母鸡,随机分为5组,分别为对照组(CON),热应激组(HS),豆蔻明低(L-CDN)、中(M-CDN)和高剂量组(H-CDN),每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡。CON和HS组饲喂基础饲粮,L-CDN、M-CDN、H-CDN分别在基础饲粮中添加50、100、200 mg/kg 豆蔻明。试验期42 d,预试期21 d,正试期21 d。正试期间,HS、L-CDN、M-CDN、H-CDN组每天09:00~16:00饲养温度为(36±2) ℃,其余时间饲养温度维持在(25±2) ℃,CON组饲养全天温度维持在(25±2) ℃。42 d时从每个重复选取2只体重接近的儋州鸡屠宰。采集血液制备血清,检测生化指标、抗氧化指标和血清炎性因子指标;采集肝脏、脾脏、胸腺及法氏囊等器官,计算脏器系数。【结果】①M-CDN、H-CDN组儋州鸡血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)显著低于HS组(P＜0.05),L-CDN、M-CDN、H-CDN组鸡血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)含量显著低于HS组(P＜0.05),且除H-CDN组TG含量显著低于CON组外(P＜0.05),其余均与CON组无显著差异(P＞0.05)。②与HS组相比,M-CDN和H-CDN组儋州鸡法氏囊指数显著上升(P＜0.05),H-CDN组儋州鸡脾脏指数显著上升(P＜0.05),3个试验组肝脏指数均显著降低(P＜0.05),且均与CON组无显著差异(P＞0.05)。其中,M-CDN、H-CDN组的法氏囊指数显著高于L-CDN组(P＜0.05),H-CDN组的脾脏指数显著高于L-CDN、H-CDN组(P＜0.05)。③与HS组相比,3个试验组儋州鸡血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P＜0.05),M-CDN组儋州鸡血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和H-CDN组儋州鸡血清SOD、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均显著提高(P＜0.05),且均与CON组无显著差异(P＞0.05);3个试验组儋州鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著升高(P＜0.05),但仍显著低于CON组(P＜0.05)。M-CDN、H-CDN组的SOD活性显著高于L-CDN组(P＜0.05),H-CDN组的CAT、GSH-Px活性显著高于L-CDN、M-CDN组(P＜0.05)。④与HS组相比,3个试验组儋州鸡血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量均显著降低(P＜0.05);M-CDN、H-CDN组儋州鸡血清IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量均显著降低,IL-10含量显著升高(P＜0.05),且均与CON组无显著差异(P＞0.05),3个试验组间差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。【结论】饲料中添加豆蔻明可以对热应激儋州鸡部分血清生化指标起到调节的作用,促进免疫器官的发育,增强机体免疫能力,缓解热应激带来的肝脏损伤,提高机体抗氧化能力,改善热应激诱导的免疫应激及炎症,儋州鸡慢性热应激豆蔻明推荐添加剂量为200 mg/kg。

关键词: 豆蔻明; 儋州鸡; 慢性热应激; 脏器系数; 血清生化指标; 抗氧化能力

Abstract: 【Objective】 The study aimed to explore the effects of cardamomamine (CDN) on organ coefficients,serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant capacity and inflammatory factors in chronic heat-stressed Danzhou chickens.【Method】 200 1-day-old Danzhou hens were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into 5 groups:Control group (CON),heat stress group (HS),low-dose (L-CDN),medium-dose (M-CDN),and high-dose cardamom group (H-CDN).Each group had 4 replicates,with 10 chickens per replicate.The hens in CON and HS groups were fed a basic diet,while in L-CDN,M-CDN,and H-CDN groups were added 50,100,and 200 mg/kg cardamom to the basic diet,respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 days,with a pre-trial period of 21 days and a formal trial period of 21 days.During the formal trial period,the HS,L-CDN,M-CDN,and H-CDN groups were kept at a temperature of (36±2) ℃ from 09:00 to 16:00 each day.The rest of the time,the temperature was maintained at (25±2) ℃,while the CON group was kept at a temperature of (25±2) ℃ all day.At the end of 42 days,two Danzhou chickens with similar weights were selected from each replicate for slaughter.Serum was collected to detect biochemical indicators,antioxidant indicators,and serum inflammatory factors.The liver,spleen,thymus,and bursa of Fabricius were collected to calculate organ coefficients.【Result】 ①The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum of Danzhou chickens in M-CDN and H-CDN groups were significantly lower than those in HS group (P＜0.05), while the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG) in the serum of chickens in L-CDN, M-CDN, and H-CDN groups were significantly lower than those in HS group (P＜0.05). Except for the significantly lower TG content in H-CDN group compared to CON group (P＜0.05), there was no significant difference between H-CDN group and CON group (P＞0.05). ② Compared with HS group,the Fabricius index of Danzhou chickens in M-CDN and H-CDN groups were significant increased (P＜0.05), while the spleen index in H-CDN group was significant increased (P＜0.05). The liver index of all three experimental groups were decreased significantly (P＜0.05), and there was no significant difference between them and CON group (P＞0.05). Among them, the Fabricius index of M-CDN and H-CDN groups was significantly higher than that of L-CDN group (P＜0.05), and the spleen index of H-CDN group was significantly higher than that of L-CDN and H-CDN groups (P＜0.05). ③ Compared with HS group, the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content of Danzhou chickens in the three experimental groups was significantly reduced (P＜0.05). The serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of Danzhou chickens in M-CDN group and the serum SOD, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities of Danzhou chickens in H-CDN group were significantly increased (P＜0.05), and there was no significant difference compared with CON group (P＞0.05). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of the serum of Danzhou chickens in three experimental groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05), but still significantly lower than that of CON group (P＜0.05). The SOD activity in M-CDN and H-CDN groups was significantly higher than that in L-CDN group (P＜0.05), while the CAT and GSH-Px activities in H-CDN group were significantly higher than those in L-CDN and M-CDN groups (P＜0.05). ④ Compared with HS group, the serum interleukin-1β(IL-1β) content of Danzhou chickens in all three experimental groups were significantly reduced (P＜0.05). The serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) contents of Danzhou chickens in M-CDN and H-CDN groups were significantly reduced, while the IL-10 levels were significantly increased (P＜0.05), and there was no significant difference compared to CON group (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference between the three experimental groups (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】 Cardamom added to feed could regulate some serum biochemical indexes of Danzhou chickens under heat stress,promote the development of immune organs to enhance immune ability,alleviate heat stress-induced liver injury,improve antioxidant ability,and alleviate heat stress-induced immune stress and inflammation.The appropriate supplement level of cardamom for chronic heat stress in Danzhou chickens was 200 mg/kg.

Key words: cardamomine; Danzhou chicken; chronic heat stress; organ coefficients; serum biochemical indexes; antioxidant capacity

中图分类号:

S831.5

邓谭杰, 侯冠彧, 施力光, 方懿, 吴小妹, 荀文娟. 豆蔻明对慢性热应激儋州鸡脏器系数、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力及炎性因子的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(3): 1050-1059.

DENG Tanjie, HOU Guanyu, SHI Liguang, FANG Yi, WU Xiaomei, XUN Wenjuan. Effects of Cardamomine on Organ Coefficients,Serum Biochemical Indexes, Antioxidant Capacity and Inflammatory Factors of Chronically Heat-stressed Danzhou Chickens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(3): 1050-1059.

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