黑水虻幼虫粉对四川白鹅生产性能、抗氧化能力及肠道健康的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.11.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究黑水虻幼虫粉（Hermetia illucens larvae meal，HILM）作为饲粮蛋白质来源对四川白鹅生产性能、抗氧化能力和肠道健康的影响，旨在探索HILM在四川白鹅饲粮中的应用。【方法】选取体况健康、体重相近的1日龄四川白鹅180只，随机分为3组，即对照组、杂粕组、15% HILM组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只，公母各半。试验期间自由采食和饮水，每周以重复为单位称重，记录采食量，计算每组每周的平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）和料重比（F/G）；4周龄时，采集血液和肠道组织样品，检测血清抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶（GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性及丙二醛（MDA）含量；切片观察十二指肠、空肠、回肠的组织形态及测量各肠段绒毛高度和隐窝深度，计算绒毛高度/隐窝深度比；采用实时荧光定量PCR分析肠道紧密连接蛋白基因的表达。【结果】与对照组相比，15% HILM组四川白鹅的ADFI和ADG显著增加（P<0.05）；GSH-Px活力显著升高（P<0.05）；十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绒毛高度显著或极显著增加（P<0.05或P<0.01），十二指肠、回肠的隐窝深度极显著降低（P<0.01），十二指肠、回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度比极显著上升（P<0.01），同时空肠组织Occludin基因表达水平显著提高（P<0.05）；与杂粕组相比，15% HILM组四川白鹅血清SOD活力显著升高（P<0.05）；十二指肠隐窝深度极显著降低（P<0.01），十二指肠、回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度比极显著或显著上升（P<0.01或P<0.05）。【结论】HILM作为饲料蛋白质来源可以增强四川白鹅的血清抗氧化能力，改善雏鹅的肠道健康和吸收功能，从而提高其生产性能。

关键词: 黑水虻; 四川白鹅; 生产性能; 抗氧化能力; 肠道健康

Abstract: 【Objective】 The effects of Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HILM) as dietary protein source on performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of Sichuan White geese were studied to explore the application of HILM in the diet of Sichuan White geese.【Method】 A total of 180 1-day-old Sichuan White geese (half male and half female) with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups, including control group, miscellaneous meal group and 15% HILM group.Each group consisted of 6 replicates with 10 animals per replicate.During the experiment, food and water were eaten and drank freely, and the feed intake was weighed weekly in the unit of repetitions.The feed intake was recorded, and the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed to gain ratio (F/G) were calculated for each group.Serum antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected at 4 weeks of age.The tissue morphology of duodenum, jejunum and ileum was observed by section.The villus height and crypt depth of each intestinal segment were measured, and the villus height/crypt depth was calculated.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to analyze the expression of intestinal compact linking protein gene.【Result】 Compared with the control group, in 15% HILM group, the ADFI and ADG of Sichuan White geese were increased (P<0.05), the serum GSH-Px concentration was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the villus height of duodenum, jejunum and ileum was increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the crypt depth of duodenum and ileum was decreased (P<0.01), and the villus height/crypt depth of duodenum and ileum was increased (P<0.01).At the same time, the expression of Occludin gene in jejunal tissue in 15% HILM group was increased (P<0.05).Compared with miscellaneous meal group, in 15% HILM group, the serum SOD activity was increased (P<0.05), the crypt depth of duodenum was decreased (P<0.01), and the villus height/crypt depth of duodenum and ileum were increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05).【Conclusion】 As a dietary protein source, HILM could enhance serum antioxidant capacity of Sichuan White geese, improve the intestinal health and absorption function of goslings, and thus improve the production performance.

Key words: Hermetia illucens; Sichuan White goose; production performance; antioxidant capacity; intestinal health

中图分类号:

S816.48

仲崇华, 桂福星, 曹立亭, 郭荣富. 黑水虻幼虫粉对四川白鹅生产性能、抗氧化能力及肠道健康的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(11): 4433-4443.

ZHONG Chonghua, GUI Fuxing, CAO Liting, GUO Rongfu. Effects of Hermetia illucens Larvae Meal on Performance, Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Health of Sichuan White Geese[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(11): 4433-4443.

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