13~17周龄雄性雉鸡饲粮适宜代谢能水平研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.08.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在研究饲粮代谢能水平对13~17周龄雄性雉鸡生长性能、营养物质表观代谢率、能量利用和血清生化指标的影响,明确该时期雉鸡适宜的饲粮代谢能水平。【方法】选取13周龄、体重相近(734.63 g±18.03 g)的健康雄性雉鸡240只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只雉鸡。采用单因素试验设计,各组饲粮代谢能水平分别设定为11.30(Ⅰ组)、11.72(Ⅱ组)、12.14(Ⅲ组)和12.56(Ⅳ组) MJ/kg,预试期7 d,正试期35 d。【结果】①饲粮代谢能水平极显著影响平均日采食量(ADFI)(P<0.01),其中Ⅳ组ADFI极显著低于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P＜0.01)。料重比(F/G)在各组间无显著差异(P＞0.05),其中Ⅱ组最低。②饲粮代谢能水平对干物质(DM)表观代谢率和粗脂肪(EE)表观代谢率有极显著影响(P＜0.01)。粗蛋白质(CP)表观代谢率在各组间无显著差异(P＞0.05),其中Ⅱ组最高。③各组间摄入总能、排泄物总能和代谢能摄入量(MEI)均无显著差异(P＞0.05)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组总能表观代谢率均极显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01),其中Ⅱ组最高。④各组间血清胆固醇(CHO)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和葡萄糖(GLU)含量均无显著差异(P＞0.05)。Ⅲ组甘油三酯(TG)含量极显著高于其余各组(P＜0.01),Ⅱ组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01)。Ⅱ和Ⅲ组血清中总蛋白(TP)含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),Ⅲ组白蛋白(ALB)含量显著或极显著高于其余各组(P＜0.05;P＜0.01)。【结论】比较4个试验组,Ⅱ组雉鸡平均日增重(ADG)最高,F/G最低,且Ⅱ组雉鸡营养物质表观代谢率、摄入能量水平及能量利用率也较高,故Ⅱ组饲粮代谢能水平(实测值为12.30 MJ/kg)对13~17周龄雄性雉鸡较为适宜。

关键词: 代谢能; 雄性雉鸡; 生长性能; 营养物质表观代谢率; 能量利用; 血清生化指标

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy level on the growth performance,nutrient apparent metabolic rate,energy utilization and serum biochemical indexes,and to clarify the optimum dietary metabolizable energy level of male pheasants aged from 13 to 17 weeks.【Method】 A total of 240 healthy male pheasants at 13 weeks of age with similar body weight of (734.63 g±18.03) g were randomly assigned into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 pheasants per replicate.A one-factor design was adopted in this study,dietary metabolizable energy levels were set as 11.30 (group Ⅰ),11.72 (group Ⅱ),12.14 (group Ⅲ) and 12.56 (group Ⅳ) MJ/kg,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days and the trial period lasted for 35 days.【Result】 ① The average daily feed intake (ADFI) were extremely significantly affected by dietary metabolizable energy levels (P<0.01).The ADFI in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly lower than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.01).Dietary metabolizable energy levels had no significant effect on feed to gain ratio (F/G),and it was the lowest in group Ⅱ (P>0.05).② Dietary metabolizable energy levels had extremely significant effects on dry matter (DM) and ether extract (EE) apparent metabolic rates (P<0.01).Crude protein (CP) apparent metabolic rate was not significantly affected by dietary metabolizable energy levels,and it was the lowest in group Ⅱ (P>0.05).③ Dietary metabolizable energy levels had on significant effect on gross energy intake,gross energy in excreta and metabolizable energy intake (MEI) (P>0.05).Gross energy apparent metabolic rate in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were extremely significantly higher than group Ⅰ (P<0.01).④ The contents of serum cholesterol (CHO),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and glucose (GLU) were not significantly affected by dietary metabolizable energy levels (P>0.05).The content of triglyceride (TG) in group Ⅲ was extremely significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.01),and the content of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in group Ⅱ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01).The contents of total protein (TP) in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of serum albumin (ALB) in group Ⅲ was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01).【Conclusion】 Considering all the factors,the pheasants in group Ⅱ could get better average daily gain (ADG),F/G,higher apparent metabolic rates of nutrients,higher energy intake and energy utilization.The dietary metabolizable energy level in group Ⅱ (measured value was 12.30 MJ/kg) was suitable for male pheasants aged from 13 to 17 weeks.

Key words: metabolizable energy; male pheasant; growth performance; nutrient apparent metabolic rate; energy utilization; serum biochemical indexes

中图分类号:

S815.4

陈丽红, 赵梦迪, 刘可园, 宁浩然, 崔凯, 李光玉, 孙伟丽. 13~17周龄雄性雉鸡饲粮适宜代谢能水平研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(8): 2943-2952.

CHEN Lihong, ZHAO Mengdi, LIU Keyuan, NING Haoran, CUI Kai, LI Guangyu, SUN Weili. Study on Optimum Dietary Metabolizable Energy Level of Male Pheasants from 13 to 17 Weeks of Age[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(8): 2943-2952.

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