包被丁酸钠对种鸽和乳鸽的生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数及消化酶活性的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在探究在保健砂中添加不同浓度包被丁酸钠对种鸽和乳鸽的生长性能、屠宰性能及免疫器官指数的影响。【方法】试验选取6月龄家鸽336只,随机分成4组,每组7个重复,每个重复12只,乳鸽由种鸽自然孵化,每对种鸽哺育2只乳鸽。对照组种鸽饲喂保健砂,A、B、C组分别在保健砂中添加0.1%、0.2%、0.4%包被丁酸钠。种鸽试验期120 d,乳鸽试验期28 d。称量种鸽和乳鸽的初重和末重,统计种鸽饲料消耗情况,并进行生长性能计算;试验结束后,每组选5只种鸽和5只乳鸽屠宰后称取屠体重、胸肌重、腿肌重、半净膛重和全净膛重,并计算屠宰性能;称取乳鸽胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊以及种鸽胸腺、脾脏,计算免疫器官指数;取种鸽十二指肠内容物,测定淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性。【结果】①试验A、B组种鸽哺乳期的平均日增重显著高于对照组和试验C组,且试验A组10月龄种鸽采食量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),B、C组乳鸽的平均日增重显著高于对照组和试验A组(P＜0.05)。②与对照组相比,试验A、B组种鸽半净膛率、全净膛率以及试验A、B、C组乳鸽半净膛率、全净膛率、屠宰率均显著提高(P＜0.05)。③各组间种鸽胸腺指数和脾脏指数差异不显著(P＞0.05)。试验B组乳鸽胸腺指数显著高于试验C组,而法氏囊指数显著低于试验C组(P＜0.05)。④与对照组相比,试验C组种鸽十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性显著升高(P＜0.05),试验B、C组脂肪酶活性显著升高(P＜0.05)。【结论】种鸽保健砂中添加包被丁酸钠可以提高种鸽及乳鸽平均日增重以及种鸽平均采食量,提高乳鸽屠宰性能以及免疫能力,提高种鸽十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性以及脂肪酶活性。本试验条件下,种鸽保健砂中添加0.2%包被丁酸钠效果最佳。

关键词: 包被丁酸钠; 种鸽; 乳鸽; 生长性能; 免疫功能

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of adding different concentrations of coated sodium butyrate in health sand on the growth performance,slaughter performance and immune organ index of breeding pigeons and squabs.【Method】 A total of 336 pigeons at 6 months of age were randomly divided into 4 groups with 7 replicates per group and 12 in each replicate.Squabs were natural hatching by breeding pigeons,each pair of breeding pigeon fed two squabs.The breeding pigeons in the control group were fed a basal health sand,the breeding pigeons in groups A to C were fed basal health sand supplemented with 0.1%,0.2% and 0.4% coated sodium butyrate.The experiment of breeding pigeons lasted for 120 days and that of squabs lasted for 28 days.The initial and final weights of breeding pigeons and squabs were weighed, the feed consumption of breeding pigeons was counted,and the growth performance was calculated.At the end of the test,5 breeding pigeons and 5 squabs in each group were selected and slaughtered,and then the slaughter weight,breast muscle weight,leg muscle weight,semi-eviscerated weight and eviscerated weight were weighed,and the slaughter performance was calculated.The thymus,spleen,bursa of Fabricius of squabs and thymus and spleen of breeding pigeons were weighed to calculate the immune organ index.The activities of amylase,trypsin and lipase in duodenum of breeding pigeons were determined.【Result】 ①The average daily weight gain of breeding pigeons in groups A and B during lactation was significantly higher than that of the control group and group C,and the feed intake of breeding pigeons aged 10 months in group A was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05),while the average daily weight gain of squabs in groups B and C was significantly higher than that of the control group and group A (P＜0.05).②Compared with the control group,the percentage of semi-eviscerated yield and eviscerated yield of breeding pigeons in groups A and B,and the percentage of semi-eviscerated yield and eviscerated yield,slaughter rate of squabs in groups A,B and C were significantly increased (P＜0.05).③There was no significant difference in thymus index and spleen index of breeding pigeons among the groups (P＞0.05).The thymus index of squabs in group B was significantly higher than that in group C,while the bursal of Fabricius index of squabs in group B was significantly lower than that in group C (P＜0.05).④Compared with the control group,the trypsin activity in the duodenum of breeding pigeons in group C was significantly higher (P＜0.05),and the lipase activity in groups B and C was significantly higher (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Adding coated sodium butyrate to healthy sand could improve the average daily gain and average feed intake of breeding pigeons and squabs,improve slaughter performance and immunity of squabs,and increase trypsin activity and lipase activity in duodenum of breeding pigeons.Under the experimental conditions,adding 0.2% coated sodium butyrate in the health sand had the best effect.

Key words: coated sodium butyrate; breeding pigeons; squabs; growing performance; immune function

中图分类号:

S836

刘震, 周雪勤, 徐翡, 李浙烽, 孙寒雪, 李国勤, 陶争荣, 官梅, 郑强, 刁新平, 卢立志. 包被丁酸钠对种鸽和乳鸽的生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数及消化酶活性的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 998-1006.

LIU Zhen, ZHOU Xueqin, XU Fei, LI Zhefeng, SUN Hanxue, LI Guoqin, TAO Zhengrong, GUAN Mei, ZHENG Qiang, DIAO Xinping, LU Lizhi. Effects of Coated Sodium Butyrate on Growing Performance,Slaughter Performance, Immune Organ Index and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Breeding Pigeons and Squabs[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(3): 998-1006.

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