菊苣对不同性别麻黄肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.02.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究菊苣对不同性别麻黄肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响。【方法】选取42日龄麻黄肉鸡576只,随机分为8组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡,公母各半。采用2(性别)×4(菊苣水平)双因素试验设计,菊苣添加水平为0、3%、6%、9%。试验期42 d。试验结束时统计生产性能指标;每重复屠宰1只鸡,测定屠宰性能和免疫器官指数;取胸肌和腿肌用于肉质分析。【结果】①与不添加菊苣相比,添加6%和9%菊苣可显著提高麻黄肉鸡的料重比(F/G)(P＜0.05);公鸡生长性能显著优于母鸡(P＜0.05)。②母鸡的法氏囊指数显著高于公鸡(P＜0.05)。③公鸡的全净膛率显著高于母鸡(P＜0.05),腹脂率显著低于母鸡(P＜0.05)。④与不添加菊苣相比,添加6%和9%菊苣可显著提高麻黄肉鸡胸肌的黄度(b_24h^*)(P＜0.05),母鸡胸肌的亮度(L_24h^*)显著高于公鸡(P＜0.05)。⑤性别和菊苣水平对麻黄肉鸡腿肌的剪切力存在显著交互作用(P＜0.05),与不添加菊苣相比,添加6%和9%菊苣可显著降低公鸡腿肌的剪切力(P＜0.05)。公鸡腿肌的红度(a_45min^*、a_24h^*)和b_45min^*显著高于母鸡(P＜0.05),L_45min^*和L_24h^*显著低于母鸡(P＜0.05)。性别和菊苣水平对麻黄肉鸡的生长性能、免疫器官指数、屠宰性能和胸肌肉品质均无显著交互作用(P＞0.05)。【结论】公鸡的生长性能、屠宰性能和肌肉品质均优于母鸡;添加6%和9%菊苣虽可改善麻黄肉鸡的肉品质,但对F/G有不利影响。综合各项指标评定,菊苣最适添加量为3%。

关键词: 菊苣; 麻黄肉鸡; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 肉品质

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to study the effects of chicory on growth performance,slaughter traits and meat quality of Mahuang broilers with different sex.【Method】 Five hundred and seventy-six Mahuang broilers at 42-day-old were randomly divided into 8 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 12 broilers per replicate (half male and half female).A 2×4 (sex×chicory) two-factor design was used,the chicory addition levels were 0,3%,6% and 9%,respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 days.At the end of the test,the growth performance indexes were statisticed,and one broiler in each replicate was slaughtered for the measurement of relevant indexes of slaughter and immune organs,and samples of breast and leg muscles were taken for meat quality analysis.【Result】 ①Compared with no chicory,adding 6% and 9% chicory could significantly increase the F/G of Mahuang broilers (P＜0.05).The growth performance of male was significantly better than that of female (P＜0.05).②The Bursa of Fabricius index of female was significantly higher than that of male (P＜0.05).③The eviscerated rate of male was significantly higher than that of female (P＜0.05),while the abdominal fat rate was significantly lower than that of female (P＜0.05).④Compared with no chicory,adding 6% and 9% chicory could significantly improve the breast muscle b_24h^* of Mahuang broilers (P＜0.05).The breast muscle L_24h^* of female was significantly higher than that of the male (P＜0.05).⑤Sex and chicory level had significant interaction on the leg muscle shear force of Mahuang broilers (P＜0.05),and adding 6% and 9% chicory could significantly decrease the leg muscle shear force of male compared with no chicory (P＜0.05).Compared with the female,the a_45min^*,a_24h^* and b_45min^* of male leg muscle were significantly higher,while the L_45min^* and L_24h^* were significantly lower (P＜0.05).Sex and chicory level had no significant interaction on growth performance,immune organ index,slaughter performance and breast muscle quality of Mahuang broilers (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】 The growth performance,slaughter performance and muscle quality of male were better than those of female. Adding 6% and 9% chicory both could improve the meat quality of Mahuang broilers while have adverse effects on the F/G.According to the evaluation of various indicators,the optimum addition amount of chicory was 3%.

Key words: chicory; Mahuang broilers; growth performance; slaughter performance; meat quality

中图分类号:

S816.35

李彬, 史正玲, 曾子悠, 黄颖妍, 李林, 杜自来, 纪一凡, 王迪, 虞洁, 梅绍锋. 菊苣对不同性别麻黄肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 500-511.

LI Bin, SHI Zhengling, ZENG Ziyou, HUANG Yingyan, LI Lin, DU Zilai, JI Yifan, WANG Di, YU Jie, MEI Shaofeng. Effects of Chicory on Growth Performance,Slaughter Traits and Meat Quality of Mahuang Broilers with Different Gender[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(2): 500-511.

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