饲粮营养水平对多浪羊生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.10.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在研究饲粮营养水平对多浪羊生长性能、体尺性状、屠宰性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响，为多浪羊的科学饲养提供参考。【方法】选择体重相近的3～4月龄多浪羊公羊18只，随机分为3组，每组6个重复，每个重复1只羊。饲粮Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组羊分别饲喂精粗比为35∶65、50∶50和65∶35的全混合饲粮。试验期74 d，其中预试期14 d，正试期60 d。于第60天晨饲前对羊进行称重、测量体尺并颈静脉采血，屠宰后采集瘤胃内容物并测定屠宰性能和肉品质。【结果】 ①与饲粮Ⅰ相比，饲粮Ⅲ能够显著提高羊平均日增重和胸围(P＜0.05)。②与饲粮Ⅰ相比，饲粮Ⅱ能够显著提高羊屠宰率(P＜0.05)，饲粮Ⅲ能够极显著提高羊胴体重、屠宰率和肝脏重(P＜0.01)。③与饲粮Ⅱ相比，饲粮Ⅰ能够极显著或显著提高羊背最长肌a^*_{24 h}、pH_{24 h}及滴水损失率，以及羊股二头肌pH_{45 min}和pH_{24 h}(P＜0.01；P＜0.05)；饲粮Ⅲ能够极显著或显著提高羊背最长肌a^*_{24 h}和b^*_{24 h}(P＜0.01；P＜0.05)。与饲粮Ⅲ相比，饲粮Ⅰ能够极显著或显著提高羊股二头肌L^*_{24 h}和b^*_{45 min}(P＜0.01；P＜0.05)。④与饲粮Ⅱ相比，饲粮Ⅲ能够显著提高羊瘤胃中血清中尿素氮含量(P＜0.05)。⑤与饲粮Ⅰ相比，饲粮Ⅲ能够极显著或显著提高羊瘤胃中戊酸、乳酸、异丁酸和异戊酸含量(P＜0.01；P＜0.05)，显著降低乙丙比(P＜0.05)，饲粮Ⅱ和Ⅲ均能够显著提高羊瘤胃中氨态氮含量(P＜0.05)。【结论】饲喂精粗比为65∶35饲粮可以提高多浪羊生长性能和屠宰性能，改善肉品质，促进肝脏发育，改变瘤胃发酵类型，增加总挥发性脂肪酸含量。

关键词: 多浪羊; 营养水平; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 肉品质; 血清生化指标; 瘤胃发酵参数

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary nutrient levels on the growth performance，body measurement traits，slaughter performance，meat quality，serum biochemical indices and rumen fermentation parameters of Duolang sheep，so as to provide an important reference for the scientific feeding of sheep. 【Method】 Eighteen healthy，3-4 month old Duolang sheep with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 sheep per replicate. The concentrate-to-roughage ratio of the diets Ⅰ，Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 35∶65，50∶50 and 65∶35，respectively. The experiment period lasted for 74 days，including 14 days of adaption period and 60 days of formal period. Sheep were weighed，measured body size and collected blood from the jugular vein at the 60th days before morning feeding. After slaughter，rumen contents were collected，the slaughter performance and meat quality were determined. 【Result】 ① Compared with diet Ⅰ，diet Ⅲ could significantly increase the average daily gain and chest circumference of sheep (P＜0.05). ② Compared with diet Ⅰ，diet Ⅱ could significantly increase the dressing percentage of sheep (P＜0.05)，and diet Ⅲ could extremely significantly increase the carcass weight，dressing percentage and liver weight of sheep (P＜0.01). ③ Compared with diet Ⅱ，diet Ⅰ could extremely significantly or significantly increase a^*_{24 h}，pH_{24 h} and dripping loss rate of longissimus dorsi muscle in sheep (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05)，and extremely significantly or significantly increase pH_{45 min} and pH_{24 h} of biceps femoris muscle in sheep (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). Diet Ⅲ could extremely significantly or significantly increase a^*_{24 h} and b^*_{24 h} of longissimus dorsi muscle in sheep (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). Compared with diet Ⅱ，diet Ⅰ could extremely significantly or significantly increase L^*_{24 h} and b^*_{45 min} of biceps femoris muscle in sheep (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). ④ Compared with diet Ⅱ，diet Ⅲ could significantly increase the urea nitrogen of serum in sheep (P＜0.05). ⑤ Compared with diet Ⅰ，diet Ⅲ could extremely significantly or significantly increase the contents of ruminal valerate，lactic acid，isobutyrate and isovalerate of sheep (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05)，significantly decrease A/P (P＜0.05)，and diets Ⅱ and Ⅲ could significantly increase the ammonia nitrogen level (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 In conclusion，fed total mixed ration with a concentrate-to-roughage ratio of 65∶35 diet could improve the growth performance，slaughter performance and meat quality，promote liver development，change rumen fermentation type，and increase the content of total volatile fatty acid in Duolang sheep.

Key words: Duolang sheep; nutrient levels; growth performance; slaughter performance; meat quality; serum biochemical indices; rumen fermentation parameters

中图分类号:

S816.11

靳亚星, 李璇玥, 李千一, 艾丽菲热·色提瓦力迪, 穆扎帕尔·吾买尔, 陈勇. 饲粮营养水平对多浪羊生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(10): 4343-4351.

JIN Yaxing, LI Xuanyue, LI Qianyi, Ailifeire Setiwalidi, Muzhapaer Wumaier, CHEN Yong. Effects of Dietary Nutrient Levels on Growth Performance，Meat Quality, Serum Biochemical Indices and Rumen Fermentation Parameters of Duolang Sheep[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(10): 4343-4351.

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