饲粮中添加大豆异黄酮对安格斯肉牛生产及繁殖性能的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.07.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究饲粮中添加不同水平大豆异黄酮对安格斯肉牛生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力、免疫性能及繁殖激素的影响,探讨大豆异黄酮在肉牛生产实践中的适宜添加量。【方法】选取40头体重相近、2~3胎次且健康的安格斯母牛,随机分为4组,每组10头。对照组牛饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组牛分别在基础饲粮中添加10、20和40 mg/kg大豆异黄酮。试验始末对牛进行称重,记录每日采食量,计算平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)及料重比(F/G);第40天时,采集血液检测血清生化、抗氧化、免疫指标及繁殖激素水平。【结果】与对照组相比,①添加大豆异黄酮对安格斯肉牛ADFI、ADG及F/G均无显著影响(P＞0.05)。②试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组牛血清中总蛋白含量显著升高(P＜0.05),谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P＜0.05);试验Ⅲ组牛血清中总蛋白和球蛋白含量极显著升高(P＜0.01),谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性极显著降低(P＜0.01);试验Ⅲ组牛血清中免疫球蛋白(IgA、IgM、IgG)及γ-干扰素水平极显著或显著升高(P＜0.01;P＜0.05)。③试验Ⅱ组牛血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)活性均极显著升高(P＜0.01);试验Ⅲ组牛血清中T-AOC、GSH-Px及超氧化物歧化酶水平均极显著升高(P＜0.01),丙二醛含量极显著降低(P＜0.01)。④试验Ⅱ组牛血清中雌二醇水平显著升高(P＜0.05);试验Ⅲ组牛血清中孕酮、雌二醇、促卵泡激素及促黄体生成素水平均极显著升高(P＜0.01)。【结论】饲粮中添加大豆异黄酮可有效提高安格斯肉牛免疫功能和繁殖机能,其中40 mg/kg大豆异黄酮添加量效果最佳。

关键词: 安格斯肉牛; 大豆异黄酮; 生长性能; 免疫功能; 抗氧化能力

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of adding different levels of soy isoflavones to feed rations on the growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant capacity,immune performance and reproductive hormones of Angus beef cattle,and explore the appropriate amount of soy isoflavones to be used in the practice of beef cattle production.【Method】 Forty healthy Angus heifers with similar body weight and 2-3 lactations were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 heifers each.The cattle in control group was fed a basal diet,while cattle in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were given 10,20 and 40 mg/kg of soy isoflavones in diet,respectively.The cattle were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment,and the feed intake was recorded daily to calculate the average daily feed intake (ADFI),average daily gain (ADG) and feed-to-gain ratio (F/G).At 40th days,blood samples were collected for the detection of serum biochemistry,antioxidant,immune indexes and reproductive hormone level.【Result】 Compared with control group,①The addition of soy isoflavones in each experiment group had no significant effect on ADFI,ADG and F/G in Angus beef cattle (P＞0.05).② The total protein content of bovine serum in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the glutamine aminotransferase activity was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The contents of total protein and globulin of bovine serum in group Ⅲ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01),and the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic alanine aminotransferase were extremely significantly decreased (P＜0.01).The levels of immunoglobulin (IgA,IgM and IgG) and interferon-γ of bovine serum in group Ⅲ were extremely significantly or significantly increased (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).③The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of bovine serum in group Ⅱ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).The T-AOC,GSH-Px and superoxide dismutase levels of bovine serum in group Ⅲ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01),and the malondialdehyde content was extremely significantly decreased (P＜0.01).④ The estradiol level of bovine serum in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The levels of progesterone,estradiol,follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone of bovine serum in group Ⅲ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).【Conclusion】 Addition of soy isoflavones to feed was found to be effective in improving the immune function and reproductive performance of Angus beef cattle,and the best results were obtained at a level of 40 mg/kg.

Key words: Angus beef cattle; soy isoflavones; growth performance; immune function; antioxidant capacity

中图分类号:

S816.7

丁辉, 刘欣, 王瑞玲, 毛永霞, 王建东, 郭延生. 饲粮中添加大豆异黄酮对安格斯肉牛生产及繁殖性能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(7): 2871-2879.

DING Hui, LIU Xin, WANG Ruiling, MAO Yongxia, WANG Jiandong, GUO Yansheng. Effect of Dietary Addition of Soy Isoflavones on Production and Reproductive Performance of Angus Beef Cattle[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(7): 2871-2879.

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