黑水虻幼虫的饲用价值以及在养猪生产中的应用进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.05.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 黑水虻(black soldier fly，BSF)是一种资源型昆虫，生命周期短、适应性和繁殖力强，黑水虻幼虫(black soldier fly larvae，BSFL)具备将有机废物转化为富含营养物质生物量的卓越能力，能在多种有机废弃物上生长，作为一种新质蛋白资源，因蛋白含量高达45%(干物质基础)，同时富含脂肪、矿物质、维生素等营养成分，近年来在畜牧行业备受关注。BSFL在养猪生产中的应用对于提高饲料多元化、优化饲料结构、提升猪生产性能和肉品质、维持肠道健康等方面有重要作用。为了促进昆虫产业以及养殖业的绿色可持续发展，作者从BSFL生物转化出发，详细阐述了BSFL的饲用价值(涵盖常规营养成分、氨基酸及其消化率、脂肪酸含量等)及其在养猪生产中的应用，总结了BSFL对猪生产性能、血液生化指标、肠道健康状况及屠宰性能等方面的影响，以探寻其在养猪生产中的适宜添加比例。在对文献综述的基础上，指出了目前行业存在的问题并提出了改进措施和研究方向，以期为未来相关领域的深入研究及BSFL在养猪生产中的应用提供参考。

关键词: 黑水虻幼虫; 饲用价值; 生产性能; 肉品质; 肠道健康

Abstract: Black soldier fly (BSF) is a resource insect with a short life cycle,strong adaptability and prolific reproductive capacity.The BSF larvae (BSFL) exhibit an extraordinary proficiency in transforming organic waste into a nutrient-dense biomass,and can thrive on a diverse range of organic waste materials.As an emerging and valuable protein resource,with a protein content reaching up to 45% (on a dry matter basis) and being replete with essential nutrients such as fats,minerals and vitamins,it has garnered significant attention within the livestock sector in recent years.The application of BSFL in pig production plays an important role in augmenting feed diversification,refining the feed structure,enhancing the production performance and pork quality of pigs,as well as safeguarding intestinal health.In order to promote the green and sustainable development of the insect industry and aquaculture industry,starting from the perspective of BSFL biotransformation,the authors elaborate in detail on the feeding value of BSFL (covering conventional nutritional components,amino acids and their digestibility,fatty acid content,etc.) as well as its application in pig production,summarize the effects of BSFL on production performance in pigs,blood biochemical indexes,intestinal health status and slaughter performance,etc.,so as to explore the appropriate addition proportion of it in pig production.Based on the literature review,the existing problems in the current industry are pointed out,and improvement measures and research directions are proposed,in order to provide reference for in-depth research in related fields in the future and the application of BSFL in pig production.

Key words: black soldier fly larvae; feeding value; production performance; meat quality; intestinal health

中图分类号:

S816.4

孙玉丽, 焦宁, 曲扬华, 仉磊, 张晓琳. 黑水虻幼虫的饲用价值以及在养猪生产中的应用进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(5): 2066-2077.

SUN Yuli, JIAO Ning, QU Yanghua, ZHANG Lei, ZHANG Xiaolin. Advance on the Feeding Value of Black Soldier Fly Larvae and Its Application in Pig Production[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(5): 2066-2077.

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