饲粮中添加有机锰铁铜锌复合制剂对蛋鸡生产性能、血液生化指标、卵巢功能和胫骨质量的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.05.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究饲粮中添加有机锰铁铜锌复合制剂产品对蛋鸡生产性能、血液生化指标、卵泡发育和胫骨质量的影响，为有机锰铁铜锌复合制剂产品在产蛋高峰期蛋鸡饲粮中的科学应用提供参考。【方法】选取产蛋率相近的270只38周龄京粉蛋鸡，随机分为3个处理组，每组6个重复，每个重复15只鸡。对照组蛋鸡饲喂玉米-豆粕基础饲粮，试验组蛋鸡分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加50% NCR(1994)推荐量的有机锰铁铜锌复合制剂产品1和2(OT1、OT2)的饲粮。预试期1周，正试期12周。每天记录产蛋情况，每周结料。在第4、8和12周，测定鸡蛋品质。试验结束时，每个重复随机选取1只蛋鸡，采集血液，测定血常规、血清生化和抗氧化指标，屠宰后测定回肠免疫指标，输卵管和卵泡发育指标及胫骨质量。【结果】与对照组相比，OT1显著提高了第8周蛋鸡蛋壳厚度(P＜0.05)；OT1、OT2显著降低了蛋鸡血小板数并提高了血清中总蛋白(TP)含量(P＜0.05)，OT2显著提高了蛋鸡血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性(P＜0.05)，OT1显著提高了蛋鸡血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P＜0.05)；OT1、OT2显著提高了蛋鸡回肠黏膜中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量(P＜0.05)，OT2显著提高了回肠黏膜中IgG含量(P＜0.05)；OT1、OT2对蛋鸡输卵管和卵泡发育均无显著影响(P＞0.05)；OT1、OT2显著提高了蛋鸡胫骨长度(P＜0.05)。【结论】在本试验条件下，饲粮中添加有机锰铁铜锌复合制剂产品不影响蛋鸡生产性能，但提高了蛋鸡血清抗氧化能力、肠道免疫功能和胫骨质量，其中饲粮中添加有机锰铁铜锌复合制剂产品1效果较佳。

关键词: 有机锰铁铜锌复合制剂; 蛋鸡; 生产性能; 卵泡发育; 胫骨

Abstract: 【Objective】 This research was aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary organic manganese-iron-copper-zinc compound preparations on the production performance,blood biochemical indexes,follicle development and tibia quality of laying hens,so as to provide reference for the scientific application of organic manganese-iron-copper-zinc compound preparations in diets of laying hens during the laying peak period.【Method】 A total of 270 Jingfen hens aged 38 weeks were randomly assigned to 3 dietary groups,each with 6 replicates of 15 hens.Hens in control group were supplied with corn-soybean basal diet,and hens in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50% NCR (1994) recommended amounts of organic manganese-iron-copper-zinc compound preparation products 1 and 2 (OT1 and OT2),respectively.This study included a 1-week pre-trial period followed by a 12-week experimental period.The egg production was recorded every day,and the feed weekly.At weeks 4,8 and 12,egg quality was determined.At the end of the feeding,one layer per replicate was selected,blood sample was collected,blood routine,blood biochemical and antioxidant indices were measured,and the ileum immunity indices,oviduct and follicular development indexes and tibia quality were determined after slaughter.【Result】 Compared with control group,OT1 significantly increased the eggshell thickness of laying hens at weeks 8 (P＜0.05);OT1 and OT2 significantly decreased the platelet count and increased total protein (TP) content in serum of laying hens (P＜0.05),OT2 significantly increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in serum of laying hens (P＜0.05),OT1 significantly increased the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum of laying hens (P＜0.05).OT1 and OT2 significantly increased immunoglobulin A (IgA) content in ileum mucosa of laying hens (P＜0.05),OT2 significantly increased IgG content in ileum mucosa of laying hens (P＜0.05).OT1 and OT2 had no significant effect on the oviduct and follicular development of laying hens (P＞0.05).OT1 and OT2 significantly increased the tibial length of laying hens (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this experiment,the organic manganese-iron-copper-zinc compound preparation had no effect on the production performance of laying hens but improved the antioxidant capacity in serum,intestinal immune function and tibia quality.Among the two preparations,organic manganese-iron-copper-zinc compound preparation product 1 demonstrated superior efficacy.

Key words: organic manganese-iron-copper-zinc compound preparation; laying hens; production performance; follicular development; tibia

中图分类号:

S831.5

王贝贝, 郝二英, 张海华, 张海军, 邱凯, 武书庚. 饲粮中添加有机锰铁铜锌复合制剂对蛋鸡生产性能、血液生化指标、卵巢功能和胫骨质量的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(5): 2012-2022.

WANG Beibei, HAO Erying, ZHANG Haihua, ZHANG Haijun, QIU Kai, WU Shugeng. Effects of Dietary Organic Manganese-Iron-Copper-Zinc Compound Preparations on the Production Performance,Blood Biochemical Indices, Follicle Development and Tibia Quality of Laying Hens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(5): 2012-2022.

参考文献

[1] COHEN J.Trace mineral nutrition symposium：Exploring recent developments in swine and ruminants[J].Journal of Animal Science，2014，92(2)：414-415.
[2] CHOI S，LIU X，PAN Z.Zinc deficiency and cellular oxidative stress：Prognostic implications in cardiovascular diseases[J].Acta Pharmacologica Sinica，2018，39(7)：1120-1132.
[3] ALIREZAEI S P，KHEIRI F，AMANLOU H，et al.Determining the optimal level and the effect of different zinc sources on performance，egg quality and the immune system of laying hens at the end of the production period[J].Veterinary Medicine and Science，2024，10(5)：e70035.
[4] QIU J L，ZHOU Q，ZHU J M，et al.Organic trace minerals improve eggshell quality by improving the eggshell ultrastructure of laying hens during the late laying period[J].Poultry Science，2020，99(3)：1483-1490.
[5] YANG K，HU S，MU R，et al.Effects of different patterns and sources of trace elements on laying performance，tissue mineral deposition，and fecal excretion in laying hens[J].Animals (Basel)，2021，11(4)：1164.
[6] KANNAN A，PRAKASH B，PAUL S S，et al.Effect of dietary supplementation of zinc proteinate on performance，egg quality，blood biochemical parameters，and egg zinc content in White Leghorn layers[J].Tropical Animal Health and Production，2022，54(3)：160.
[7] YANG S，DENG H，ZHU J，et al.Organic trace elements improve the eggshell quality via eggshell formation regulation during the late phase of the laying cycle[J].Animals (Basel)，2024，14(11)：1637.
[8] CHEN X，MA X M，YANG C W，et al.Low level of dietary organic trace elements improve the eggshell strength，trace element utilization，and intestinal function in late-phase laying hens[J].Frontiers in Veterinary Science，2022，9：903615.
[9] 邱家凌.有机微量元素减量取代对蛋鸡生产、蛋品质和微量元素代谢的影响[D].杭州：浙江大学，2020.QIU J L.Effects of low-leves of organic trace minerals substitution on production，egg quality and trace mineral metabolism of laying hens[D].Hangzhou：Zhejiang University，2020.(in Chinese)
[10] 王张翔.饲粮添加有机微量元素对产蛋后期海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质量和沉积排放的影响[D].泰安：山东农业大学，2022.WANG Z X，Effects of dietary organic trace elements on performance,egg quality and deposition emission of Hyline Brown laying hens during late laying period[D].Tai’an：Shandong Agricultural University，2022.(in Chinese)
[11] XIE J,TIAN C,ZHU Y,et al.Effects of inorganic and organic manganese supplementation on gonadotropin-releasing hormone-Ⅰ and follicle-stimulating hormone expression and reproductive performance of broiler breeder hens[J].Poultry Science，2014，93(4)：959-969.
[12] SALEH A A，ELTANTAWY M S,GAWISH E M,et al.Impact of dietary organic mineral supplementation on reproductive performance,egg quality characteristics,lipid oxidation,ovarian follicular development,and immune response in laying hens under high ambient temperature[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2020,195(2)：506-514.
[13] 荆佳林.羟基蛋氨酸锌对产蛋后期种母鸡繁殖性能及卵泡相关基因表达的影响[D].保定：河北农业大学，2021.JING J L.Effects of dietary supplementation of methionine hydroxyl analog chelates zinc on reproductive performance and the mRNA expressions of follicle-related genes in breeders during later laying period[D].Baoding：Hebei Agricultural University，2021.(in Chinese)
[14] 赵文旭，潘金海，彭昕，等.不同浓度有机微量元素复合物对蛋鸡生产性能及鸡蛋品质的影响[J].中国家禽，2020，42(11)：45-50.ZHAO W X，PAN J H，PENG X，et al.Effect of different concentrations of organic microelement complex on production performance and egg quality of laying hens[J].China Poultry，2020，42(11)：45-50.(in Chinese)
[15] LU J,JIANG D C，MA M，et al.Effects of manganese glycine on eggshell quality，eggshell ultrastructure，and elemental deposition in aged laying hens[J].Animal，2024，18(4)：101126.
[16] ZHANG K K，HAN M M，DONG Y Y，et al.Low levels of organic compound trace elements improve the eggshell quality，antioxidant capacity，immune function，and mineral deposition of aged laying hens[J].Animal，2021，15(12)：100401.
[17] KIM C H，JEONG S H，LIM S J，et al.Effect of organic or inorganic mineral premix in the diet on laying performance of aged laying hens and eggshell quality[J].Animals，2022，12(18)：2378.
[18] 邱凯，常心雨，高珊，等.饲粮添加甲酸钙对老龄蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医，2024，51(8)：3320-3328.QIU K，CHANG X Y，GAO S，et al.Effects of dietary calcium formate supplementation on production performance and egg quality of elderly laying hens[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine，2024，51(8)：3320-3328.(in Chinese)
[19] MENG T，LIU Y L，XIE C Y，et al.Effects of different selenium sources on laying performance,egg selenium concentration,and antioxidant capacity in laying hens[J].Biological Trace Element Research，2019，189(2)：548-555.
[20] NIKNIA A D,VAKILI R,TAHMASBI A M.Zinc supplementation improves antioxidant status,and organic zinc is more efficient than inorganic zinc in improving the bone strength of aged laying hens[J].Veterinary Medicine and Science,2022,8(5)：2040-2049.
[21] 赵亮.有机微量元素对蛋鸡育雏期生长发育及产蛋期产蛋性能的影响[D].呼和浩特：内蒙古农业大学，2022.ZHAO L.Effects of organic trace elements on growth and development of laying hens during brooding and egg-laying performance[D].Hohhot：Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，2022.(in Chinese)
[22] 王晓东.TNF-α，IL-6与全身炎性反应综合征[J].临床与实验病理学杂志，1998，14(6)：60-62.WANG X D.TNF-α，IL-6 and systemic inflammatory response syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology，1998，14(6)：60-62.(in Chinese)
[23] 李思梦.日粮添加PTE改善种母鸡繁殖性能和子代肠道健康的研究[D].南京：南京农业大学，2021.LI S M.Dietary collagen peptide chelated trace element improved reproductive performance of breeder hens and intestinal health of chick offspring[D].Nanjing：Nanjing Agricultural University，2021.(in Chinese)
[24] MABE I，RAPP C，BAIN M M，et al.Supplementation of a corn-soybean meal diet with manganese,copper,and zinc from organic or inorganic sources improves eggshell quality in aged laying hens[J].Poultry Science，2003，82(12)：1903-1913.
[25] 杨远廷，何婉晴，黄丽婷，等.不同锌源对蛋鸡生产性能、血清生化指标及微量元素沉积的影响[J].动物营养学报，2022，34(4)：2393-2402.YANG Y T，HE W Q，HUANG L T，et al.Effects of different zinc sources on performance，serum biochemical indices and microelement deposition of laying hens[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition，2022，34(4)：2393-2402.(in Chinese)
[26] 姚小凤，陈娟，张亚伟，等.有机微量元素对白羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报，2023，35(6)：3673-3683.YAO X F，CHEN J，ZHANG Y W，et al.Effects of organic trace elements on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum indexes of White Feather broilers[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2023，35(6)：3673-3683.(in Chinese)
[27] 齐茜.有机锌对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、血清生化指标及肝脏代谢产物的影响[D].杨凌：西北农林科技大学，2019.QI Q.Effect of methionine hydroxy agalog chelated zinc on production performance,blood biochemical index and liver metabolism of laying hens[D].Yangling：Northwest A&F University，2019.(in Chinese)
[28] 唐亮.不同锰源预防肉鸡胫骨发育不良的应用研究[D].泰安：山东农业大学，2021.TANG L.Applied research on different manganese sources in preventing tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers[D].Tai’an：Shandong Agricultural University，2021.(in Chinese)