全棉籽在反刍动物生产中的应用研究现状

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.04.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全棉籽(whole cottonseed，WCS)是公认的高蛋白、高能量和高物理有效纤维的饲料原料，在生产中也会加工成棉籽饼或棉籽粕(cottonseed meal，CSM)使用。WCS的蛋白质和能量可以增加饲粮中的营养含量，并提高干草的消化率。添加适量的WCS可改善反刍动物瘤胃发酵，提高饲粮消化率、生长发育性能以及乳肉品质。为了在实际生产中合理使用WCS并开发新型蛋白质饲料，明确WCS适宜添加量是反刍动物养殖中迫切需要解决的实际问题。同时需关注如何在维持瘤胃正常功能下，降低养殖业饲养成本，提高饲料利用率和经济效益，促进畜牧业健康发展。因此，笔者总结了国内外近年来WCS在反刍动物生产中的应用，并结合不同形式WCS的添加量，阐述WCS对反刍动物生长发育、屠宰性能、肉品质、泌乳性能、乳品质、营养代谢及瘤胃发酵的影响，为提高反刍动物养殖效益提供参考。

关键词: 全棉籽; 生产性能; 瘤胃发酵; 营养代谢

Abstract: Whole cottonseed (WCS) is recognized as a high-protein,high-energy and physically effective fiber feed ingredient and is also processed into cottonseed cake or cottonseed meal (CSM) for use in production.The protein and energy of WCS increases the nutrient content of the diet and improves the digestibility of hay.Addition of moderate amounts of WCS can improve rumen fermentation,dietary digestibility,growth and developmental performance,and milk and meat quality in ruminants.In order to rationalize the use of WCS and develop new protein feeds in actual production,it is necessary to clarify that the appropriate additive amount of WCS is a practical problem that needs to be solved urgently in ruminant farming.At the same time,it is necessary to focus on how to maintain the normal function of the rumen,reduce the feeding cost of the farming industry,improve the feed utilization and economic benefits,and promote the healthy development of the animal husbandry industry.Therefore,the applications of WCS in ruminant production at home and abroad in recent years are summarized,and the effects of WCS on growth and development,slaughter performance,meat quality,lactation performance,milk quality,nutrient metabolism,and rumen fermentation of ruminants are described in relation to the additive amount of different forms of WCS,so as to provide a reference for the improvement of ruminant breeding efficiency.

Key words: whole cottonseed; production performance; rumen fermentation; nutrient metabolism

中图分类号:

S823.9

刘朝乐门, 敖日格乐, 王纯洁, 斯木吉德, 陈浩. 全棉籽在反刍动物生产中的应用研究现状[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(4): 1651-1659.

LIU Chaolemen, Aorigele, WANG Chunjie, Simujide, CHEN Hao. Current Research Status of the Use of Whole Cottonseed in Ruminant Production[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(4): 1651-1659.

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