蒲公英和连翘提取物对隐性乳房炎奶牛生产性能、血清抗氧化及免疫指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.04.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究蒲公英和连翘提取物对隐性乳房炎奶牛生产性能以及血清抗氧化、免疫指标的影响,以期为植物提取物绿色饲料添加剂的开发应用提供理论依据。【方法】试验选取18头体况、泌乳期、泌乳量相近,且4个乳区混合乳样中体细胞数(SCC)＞5×10⁵/mL的经产荷斯坦奶牛,根据乳样中SCC相近原则,分为对照组(CON组)、蒲公英组(DAN组)和连翘组(FOR组)。对照组饲喂全混合型饲粮(TMR),蒲公英组饲喂TMR＋蒲公英提取物,连翘组饲喂TMR＋连翘提取物,蒲公英和连翘提取物添加剂量均为60 g/d。试验开始前1周内,奶牛均未进行过药物治疗,试验期45 d。试验期间每7 d采集1次乳样,测定乳成分和SCC;试验结束后采集乳样并测定牛髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)活性;采集血液样品并测定血清抗氧化和免疫指标。【结果】与对照组相比,①饲粮中添加蒲公英和连翘提取物对隐性乳房炎奶牛产奶量和乳成分均无显著影响(P＞0.05)。②蒲公英和连翘组牛乳中LDH活性均显著降低(P＜0.05);蒲公英组牛乳中NAG活性显著降低(P＜0.05)。③蒲公英组隐性乳房炎奶牛血清中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著升高(P＜0.05),连翘组血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著升高(P＜0.05),两种中草药提取物组隐性乳房炎奶牛血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著降低(P＜0.05)。④蒲公英和连翘组隐性乳房炎奶牛血清中免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、IgG和IgM含量均显著升高(P＜0.05),血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量显著降低(P＜0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加蒲公英和连翘提取物均能够调控隐性乳房炎奶牛的炎症反应,增强其免疫及抗氧化能力,进而达到防控奶牛隐性乳房炎的效果。

关键词: 奶牛; 隐性乳房炎; 蒲公英; 连翘; 生产性能; 抗氧化

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of dandelion and Forsythia extracts on production performance,serum antioxidant and immune indexes of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis,in order to provide theoretical basis for the development and application of green feed additives based on plant extract.【Method】 18 multiparous Holstein cows with similar body condition,lactation period,milk production,and the mixed milk sample with somatic cell count (SCC) in milk ＞5×10⁵/mL were selected.According to the principle of similar SCC,milk samples were divided into control group (CON group),dandelion group (DAN group) and Forsythia group (FOR group).The cows in CON group were fed a total mixed diet (TMR),the cows in DAN group were fed TMR＋dandelion extract,and the cows in FOR group were fed TMR＋Forsythia extract.None of the cows received any drug treatment within 1 week before the experiment and the experiment lasted for 45 days.Milk samples were collected every 7 days to determine milk composition and SCC.After the experiment,milk samples were collected to determine the activities of bovine myeloperoxidase (MPO),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminase (NAG).Blood samples were collected and serum antioxidant and immune indexs were measured.【Result】 Compared with the CON group,① Dietary supplementation of dandelion and Forsythia extract had no significant effect on milk production and milk components of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis (P＞0.05).② The LDH activity in milk of DAN and FOR groups was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).NAG activity in DAN group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).③ The catalase (CAT) activity in the serum of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis in DAN group was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in FOR group was significantly increased (P＜0.05).Both herbal extracts could significantly reduce the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis (P＜0.05).④ The contents of IgA,IgG and IgM in serum of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis in DAN and FOR groups were significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the IL-1β content in serum was significantly reduced (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Dietary supplementation of dandelion and Forsythia extracts could regulate the inflammatory response,enhance the immune and antioxidant capacity of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis,and thus achieve the prevention and control effect of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows.

Key words: dairy cows; subclinical mastitis; dandelion; Forsythia; production performance; antioxidant

中图分类号:

S816.7

张腾龙, 郭晨阳, 钟华晨, 刘嘉琳, 宋洁, 王丽芳. 蒲公英和连翘提取物对隐性乳房炎奶牛生产性能、血清抗氧化及免疫指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(4): 1490-1499.

ZHANG Tenglong, GUO Chenyang, ZHONG Huachen, LIU Jialin, SONG Jie, WANG Lifang. Effects of Dandelion and Forsythia Extracts on Production Performance,Serum Antioxidant and Immune Indexes of Dairy Cows With Subclinical Mastitis[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(4): 1490-1499.

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