中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病的诊断和防治研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病(Chinese sacbrood disease，CSBD)是由中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病病毒(Chinese sacbrood virus，CSBV)引起的一种病毒性疾病。该病对蜂群危害严重，传染性强，死亡率高达100%，给中国养蜂业造成了巨大的经济损失。尽管实际生产中采用了多种方法和措施对该病进行预防和治疗，但实际效果欠佳。针对CSBV的检测技术发展迅速，尤其是分子生物学检测手段的更新，使得检测结果的准确性和特异性大大提高。鉴于卵黄抗体(egg yolk antibodies，EYA)在多种病毒性疾病中的应用效果显著，对于CSBD的防治有着潜在的应用开发价值。笔者综述了CSBD诊断和防治的最新研究进展，总结了EYA抗体药物的治疗应用现状。此外，在剖析EYA药物优缺点的基础上，提出了多种EYA协同增效的策略，并从多个方面如新型抗体药物的开发、新型中药单体/配方的鉴定、核苷酸药物的开发等对抗CSBV的研究前景进行望，以期为蜂业病毒性疾病的防控提供参考。

关键词: 中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病病毒(CSBV); 诊断; 防治; 卵黄抗体(EYA)

Abstract: Chinese sacbrood disease (CSBD) is a viral disease caused by Chinese sacbrood virus (CSBV),which is seriously harmful to bee colonies,highly infectious,and the mortality rate is as high as 100%,which has caused huge economic losses to China’s beekeeping industry.Although a variety of methods and measures have been adopted in actual production to prevent and treat the disease,the effect is not good.The rapid development of detection technology for CSBV,especially the update of molecular biological detection methods,has greatly improved the accuracy and specificity of detection results.Egg yolk antibodies (EYA) have significant application effect in a variety of viral diseases,which has potential application and development value for the prevention and treatment of CSBD.The authors reviewd the latest research progress in the diagnosis,prevention and treatment of CSBD,and summarized the current application of EYA antibody drugs in the treatment of CSBD.In addition,on the basis of analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of EYA drugs,a variety of EYA synergistic strategies were proposed,and the research prospects against CSBV were looked forward from many aspects,such as the development of new antibody drugs,the identification of new traditional Chinese medicine monomers/formulations,and the development of nucleotide drugs,in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of viral diseases of apiculture.

Key words: Chinese sacbrood virus (CSBV); diagnosis; prevention and treatment; egg yolk antibodies (EYA)

中图分类号:

S895.1⁺33

李爱芳, 王倩芳, 王孜龙, 李亚兰, 徐朋, 冯书营. 中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病的诊断和防治研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 864-873.

LI Aifang, WANG Qianfang, WANG Zilong, LI Yalan, XU Peng, FENG Shuying. Research Progress on Diagnosis and Control of Chinese Sacbrood Disease[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 864-873.

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