驴高脂血症发病机制与诊断技术研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.10.044

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高脂血症(hyperlipidemia)是驴规模化繁育场最常见的疾病之一,具有发病率高、死亡率高、早期诊断困难等特点,严重危害中国驴产业的健康发展。驴的酮体生成途径不发达,加之天生的胰岛素抵抗等多因素共同作用使得驴更易患高脂血症。这种疾病是由能量负平衡引发的脂肪组织过度动员,可分为由应激、肥胖、妊娠、泌乳和遗传等因素导致的原发性高脂血症,以及由各种导致机体能量负平衡的全身性疾病所引起的继发性高脂血症。其病因和发生机制主要包括血液脂质堆积、组织对胰岛素抵抗、原发性疾病、肠道菌群紊乱和遗传效应等。该病可通过测定血清脂质浓度结合其临床表现进行诊断。随着代谢组学的发展,也可通过找寻相关的小分子生物标志物,结合血清的甘油三酯浓度对高脂血症做出更准确的早期诊断。笔者从病因及发生机制、临床诊断方法方面对驴高脂血症进行综述,并展望了驴高脂血症未来的研究方向,以推动驴高脂血症的临床诊疗和抗病育种技术的发展。

关键词: 高脂血症; 能量负平衡; 脂肪动员; 发病机制; 临床诊断; 生物标志物

Abstract: Hyperlipidemia,as one of the most common diseases in large-scale donkey breeding farms,has the characteristics of high morbidity,high mortality and difficult early diagnosis,which seriously harms the healthy development of China’s donkey industry.The underdeveloped pathway of ketone body production in donkeys,coupled with multiple factors such as innate insulin resistance,makes them more susceptible to hyperlipidemia.This disease is caused by excessive mobilization of adipose tissue due to a negative energy balance which can be divided into primary hyperlipidemia caused by stress,obesity,pregnancy,lactation and genetics,as well as secondary hyperlipidemia caused by various systemic diseases that contribute to the negative energy balance of the body.Its etiology and mechanism mainly include blood lipid accumulation,tissue resistance to insulin,primary disease,intestinal flora disorder and genetic effects.The disease can be diagnosed by measuring the concentration of serum lipids combined with its clinical manifestations.With the development of metabonomics,we can also make a more accurate early diagnosis of hyperlipidemia by looking for relevant small molecular biomarkers combined with the concentration of serum triglycerides.The author reviewed the etiology,mechanism and clinical diagnosis methods of donkey hyperlipidemia,and prospected the future direction of donkey hyperlipidemia research,in order to promote the clinical diagnosis and treatment of donkey hyperlipidemia and the development of disease resistance breeding technology.

Key words: hyperlipidemia; negative energy balance; fat mobilization; pathogenesis; clinical diagnosis; biomarkers

中图分类号:

S858.22

孟庆泽, 刘景泽, 李政, 唐明尧, 邓亮, 董建宝. 驴高脂血症发病机制与诊断技术研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(10): 4301-4309.

MENG Qingze, LIU Jingze, LI Zheng, TANG Mingyao, DENG Liang, DONG Jianbao. Research Progress on Pathogenesis and Diagnostic Techniques of Hyperlipidemia in Donkey[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(10): 4301-4309.

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