大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.02.040

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对O2血清型禽致病性大肠杆菌感染引起的鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果, 以及噬菌体BP16的最佳治疗剂量。【方法】将O2血清型禽致病性大肠杆菌新鲜培养物稀释成5×10¹⁰、5×10⁹、5×10⁸、5×10⁷和5×10⁶ CFU/mL 5个浓度梯度, 以测定禽致病性大肠杆菌的半数致死量(LD₅₀), 确定其感染剂量; 选取常用的对革兰阴性菌有抑菌或杀菌作用的药敏纸片进行药敏试验, 筛选出阳性对照药物; 经无菌试验和安全性试验确定噬菌体裂解液的无菌性及安全性, 用于后续试验。将80只雏鸡随机分为5个试验组与3个对照组, 试验组在雏鸡攻毒前后不同时间腹腔注射大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16, 3个对照组分别腹腔注射氟苯尼考、大肠杆菌菌液、生理盐水, 其余条件一致, 连续饲养7 d, 记录雏鸡的死亡率, 评价大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对大肠杆菌人工感染试验鸡的防治效果。【结果】 O2血清型大肠杆菌的LD₅₀为1.5×10⁸ CFU/mL, 筛选出氟苯尼考作为阳性对照药物, 噬菌体裂解液中无菌, 噬菌体悬液对雏鸡安全, 可用于后续防治试验。雏鸡感染大肠杆菌前6 h使用噬菌体能有效预防大肠杆菌病, 在感染同时至感染后6 h内使用噬菌体, 能有效治疗大肠杆菌病, 且噬菌体治疗效果优于氟苯尼考; 当大肠杆菌攻毒剂量为1.5×10⁸ CFU时, 噬菌体剂量为1.5×10⁹ PFU时治疗效果为最佳。【结论】大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对大肠杆菌病具有防治作用, 本研究为进一步应用噬菌体防治大肠杆菌病及开发大肠杆菌噬菌体制剂提供了科学依据。

关键词: 大肠杆菌噬菌体; 鸡大肠杆菌病; 防治

Abstract: 【Objective】 The study was aimed to investigate the effect of Escherichia coli phage BP16 on the prevention and treatment of chicken colibacillosis caused by O2 serotype avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) and the optimal therapeutic dose of phage BP16.【Method】 The fresh culture of O2 serotype APEC was diluted 5×10¹⁰, 5×10⁹, 5×10⁸, 5×10⁷ and 5×10⁶ CFU/mL 5 concentration gradients to determine the 50% lethal dose (LD₅₀) of APEC and determine its infection dose.13 kinds of commonly used drug disks with antibacterial or bactericidal effects on Gram-negative bacteria were selected for drug sensitivity test, and the positive control drugs were selected.The sterility and safety of phage lysate were determined by sterility test and safety test for subsequent tests.80 chicks were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups and 3 control groups.The experimental groups was intraperitoneally injected with Escherichia coli phage BP16 at different time before and after challenge, and the three control groups were intraperitoneally injected with florfenicol, Escherichia coli bacterial solution and normal saline respectively.The other conditions were the same.They were kept for 7 d, and the mortality of chicks was recorded, to evaluate the prevention and treatment effect of Escherichia coli phage BP16 on experimental chickens artificially infected with Escherichia coli.【Result】 The LD₅₀ of O2 serotype Escherichia coli was 1.5×10⁸ CFU/mL, florfenicol was selected as the positive control drug.The phage lysate was sterile and the phage suspension was safe for chicks and could be used in subsequent control tests.The use of phages in chickens 6 h before Escherichia coli infection could effectively prevent colibacillosis.The use of phage from the same time of infection to 6 h after infection could effectively treat colibacillosis, and the phage treatment effect was better than florfenicol.When the challenge dose of Escherichia coli was 1.5×10⁸ CFU, the phage treatment dose was 1.5×10⁹ PFU had the best therapeutic effect.【Conclusion】 Escherichia coli phage BP16 could prevent and treat colibacillosis.This study provided a scientific basis for the further application of phage to prevent and treat colibacillosis and the development of Escherichia coli phage preparation.

Key words: Escherichia coli phage; chicken colibacillosis; prevention and treatment

中图分类号:

S852.65

李敏, 赵尊福, 阳亭亭, 张焕容. 大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(2): 776-782.

LI Min, ZHAO Zunfu, YANG Tingting, ZHANG Huanrong. Prevention and Treatment Effect of Escherichia coli Phage BP16 on Chicken Colibacillosis[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(2): 776-782.

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