饲粮peNDF对奶公牛反刍、消化、生产性能及瘤胃发酵的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.06.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验通过研究饲粮不同物理有效中性洗涤纤维（peNDF）含量对育肥奶公牛反刍、消化、生产性能和瘤胃发酵的影响，旨在为奶公牛生产中配制适宜peNDF含量的全混合日粮（TMR）提供依据。选择30头11月龄、体重（345.57±23.53） kg、健康的中国荷斯坦奶公牛（未阉割），随机分为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组，每组10头，分别饲喂8.00 mm孔径筛上物peNDF （peNDF_8.00）含量为12.40%、13.75%和14.85%的3种饲粮。结果表明：试验Ⅰ组奶公牛的饲粮采食次数显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅲ组（P<0.05），试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组反刍时间、每千克干物质和中性洗涤纤维反刍时间显著高于试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。3组间干物质采食量（DMI）、peNDF采食量、平均日增重（ADG）、料重比（F/G）及干物质（DM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、钙（Ca）和磷（P）表观消化率差异均不显著（P>0.05）。试验Ⅲ组瘤胃pH显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组（P<0.05），而丙酸浓度显著低于其他2组（P<0.05）。试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组瘤胃乙丙比、乙酸和氨态氮（NH₃-N）浓度显著高于试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。在本试验条件下，3种不同peNDF_8.00水平饲粮对育肥奶公牛生产性能和养分表观消化率影响不显著，饲粮peNDF_8.00为13.75%和14.85%时，奶公牛反刍时间、瘤胃乙丙比、乙酸和NH₃-N浓度显著增加，可使奶公牛保持较佳瘤胃发酵性能。

关键词: 物理有效中性洗涤纤维(peNDF); 中国荷斯坦奶公牛; 反刍; 生产性能; 瘤胃发酵

Abstract: The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of peNDF in the diet on ruminating,digestibility,production performance,and rumen fermentation of Holstein bulls,to provide a basis for the formulation of TMR with suitable content of peNDF in fattening bulls.30 healthy Chinese holstein bulls (no castrated) at 11 months of age and weighted 345.57 kg±23.53 kg had been selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,groupⅠ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ,feeding peNDF_8.00 at the content of 12.40%,13.75%,and 14.85%,respectively.The results showed that the diet intake frequency of group Ⅰwas significantly higher than group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05),while the regurgitation time and the regurgitation time per kg DM and NDF of group Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than group Ⅰ (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in DMI,the peNDF intake,ADG,and F/G,as well as the apparent digestibility of DM,CP,NDF,ADF,Ca,and P among 3 groups (P>0.05).Group Ⅲ had the significantly higher rumen pH but the significant lower propionic acid content than the others.The acetic acid concentration,ration of acetic acid to propionic acid (A/P),and the NH₃-N concentration of group Ⅱ and Ⅲ in rumen were significantly higher than group Ⅰ (P<0.05).In the present experiment conditions,3 different peNDF_8.00 content of the diet did not affect the product performance and the apparent digestibilities of nutrients of Holstein bulls,meanwhile,feeding by the peNDF_8.00 content of 13.75% and 14.85%,the fattening Holstein bulls could have a better rumen fermentation performance with the increasing rumination time,the acetic acid concentration,A/P,and the NH₃-N concentration.

Key words: peNDF; Chinese holstein bulls; ruminant; performance; rumen fermentation

中图分类号:

S823

郝怀志, 王彩莲, 何振富, 董俊, 郎侠. 饲粮peNDF对奶公牛反刍、消化、生产性能及瘤胃发酵的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(6): 2066-2073.

HAO Huaizhi, WANG Cailian, HE Zhenfu, DONG Jun, LANG Xia. Effects of peNDF in Diet on Ruminating,Digestion,Performance and Rumen Fermentation of Holstein Bulls[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(6): 2066-2073.

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