健脾消导中药复方对6月龄西杂牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和血清指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.07.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究健脾消导中药复方对6月龄西门塔尔牛×本地黄牛杂交犊牛（西杂牛）生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响。【方法】选取体重为193 kg±20 kg的西杂牛28头，随机均分为对照组和试验组。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮中添加0.5%健脾消导中药复方，预试期7 d后连续饲喂90 d，于第91天晨饲前称重并采集瘤胃液和血液，测定瘤胃液短链脂肪酸和血清生理生化指标。【结果】与对照组相比，试验组平均日增重（ADG）显著增加（P＜0.05），料重比（F/G）降低；瘤胃液pH、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、总短链脂肪酸含量及乙酸/丙酸比值均无显著差异（P＞0.05）；血清总胆固醇（CHO）含量升高；总胆红素（TBIL）、直接胆红素（DBIL）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和丙二醛（MDA）含量均显著降低（P＜0.05）；免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、胃泌素（GAS）、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T₃）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量均显著升高（P＜0.05）；胃动素（MTL）和生长激素（GH）含量虽有升高但均差异不显著（P＞0.05）。【结论】在6月龄西杂牛的饲粮中添加健脾消导中药复方可以调节激素分泌、促进草料消化吸收、增强抗氧化能力、提高机体免疫力，进而提升西杂牛的生长性能。

关键词: 西杂牛; 健脾消导中药复方; 生长性能; 瘤胃发酵参数; 血清生化指标

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment was to find out the effects of Jianpi Xiaodao Chinese herbal compound on the growth performance,rumen fermentation parameters and serum biochemical indexes of 6-month-old Simmental cattle×local yellow cattle (Simmental crossbred cattle).【Method】 28 Simmental crossbred cattles weighing 193 kg±20 kg were selected and randomly divided into control group and experimental group respectively.The control group was fed with basal diet,and the experimental group was fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5% Jianpi Xiaodao Chinese herbal compound.After 7 d of pretrial period,cattles were fed for 90 d.Rumen fluid and blood were collected before morning feeding on 91 d,and rumen short-chain fatty acids and blood physiological and biochemical indexes were measured.【Result】 Compared with control group,in the experimental group,the average daily gain weight (ADG) was significantly increased (P＜0.05),the feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) was decreased,there were no significant differences in rumen fluid pH and contents of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,total short-chain fatty acid and ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid (P＞0.05),the content of serum total cholesterol (CHO) was significantly higher,the contents of total bilirubin (TBIL),direct bilirubin (DBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),the contents of immunoglobulin A (IgA),immunoglobulin G (IgG),gastrin (GAS),triiodothyronine (T₃) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly increased (P＜0.05). The contents of motilin (MTL) and growth hormone (GH) were increased but there was no significant difference (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】 The supplementation of Jianpi Xiaodao Chinese herbal compound in the diet of 6-month-old Simmental crossbred cattle could regulate hormone secretion,promote forage digestion and absorption,enhance antioxidant capacity,improve body immunity,and then improve the growth performance.

Key words: Simmental crossbred cattles; Jianpi Xiaodao Chinese herbal compound; growth performance; rumen fermentation parameters; serum biochemical indexes

中图分类号:

S823

任建明, 纪鹏, 张晓松, 魏彦明, 朱潇鹏, 朱跃明. 健脾消导中药复方对6月龄西杂牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和血清指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(7): 2593-2600.

REN Jianming, JI Peng, ZHANG Xiaosong, WEI Yanming, ZHU Xiaopeng, ZHU Yueming. Effects of Jianpi Xiaodao Chinese Herbal Compound on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Serum Indexes of 6-month-old Simmental Crossbred Cattles[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(7): 2593-2600.

参考文献

[1] BOOBIS A,CERNINGLIA C,CHICOINE A,et al.Characterizing chronic and acute health risks of residues of veterinary drugs in food:Latest methodological developments by the joint FAO/WHO expert committee on food additives[J].Critical Reviews in Toxicology,2017,47(10):885-899.
[2] ZHU B,ZHANG Q,HUA J W,et al.The traditional uses,phytochemistry,and pharmacology of Atractylodes macrocephala koidz[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2018,226:143-167.
[3] LIANG Y,HUDSON R E,BALLOU M A.Supplementing neonatal Jersey calves with a blend of probiotic bacteria improves the pathophysiological response to an oral Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium challenge[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2020,103(8):7351-7363.
[4] MESCHIATTI M A P,GOUVEA V N,PELLARIN L A,et al.Feeding the combination of essential oils and exogenous α-amylase increases performance and carcass production of finishing beef cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2019,97(1):456-471.
[5] XIANG X,CAO N,CHEN F,et al.Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala koidz(PAMK) alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice by upregulating CD28/IP3R/PLCγ-1/AP-1/NFAT signal pathway[J]. Frontiers in Pharmacology,2020,8(11):529657.
[6] ZHENG Y,REN W,ZHANG L,et al.A review of the pharmacological action of Astragalus polysaccharide[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology,2020,24(11):349.
[7] WANG X J,DING L M,WEI H Y,et al.Astragalus membranaceus root supplementation improves average daily gain,rumen fermentation,serum immunity and antioxidant indices of Tibetan sheep[J].Animal,2021,15(1):100061.
[8] 申远航,黄晓灵,高利伟,等.中草药对断奶仔猪生长性能影响的Meta分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2020,51(4):861-872. SHEN Y H,HUANG X L,GAO L W,et al.Effect of Chinese herbal medicine on the growth performance of weaned piglets by Meta-analysis[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2020,51(4):861-872.(in Chinese)
[9] LI Y,SUN T,HONG Y,et al.Mixture of five fermented herbs (Zhihuasi Tk) alters the intestinal microbiota and promotes the growth performance in piglets[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2021,12:725196.
[10] KRISHNAN S,ALDNE N,LEE K.Pathways and functions of gut microbiota metabolism impacting host physiology[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,2015,36:137-145.
[11] WANG H,LIU A,ZHAO W,et al.Metabolomics research reveals the mechanism of action of Astragalus polysaccharide in rats with digestive system disorders[J].Molecules,2018,23(12):3333.
[12] JIANG S M,JIA L,LIU J,et al.Beneficial effects of antidepressant mirtazapine in functional dyspepsia patients with weight loss[J].World Journal of Gastroenterology,2016,14(22):5260-5266.
[13] 李美发,陈作栋,梁欢,等.添加复方中草药对育肥猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血液指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2019,46(6):1636-1643. LI M F,CHEN Z D,LIANG H,et al.Effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and blood paramenters in finishing pigs[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2019,46(6):1636-1643.(in Chinese)
[14] LAN R X,PARK J W,LEE D W,et al.Effects of Astragalus membranaceus,Codonopsis pilosula and allicin mixture on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,faecal microbial shedding,immune response and meat quality in finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2017,101(6):1122-1129.
[15] ORSKOV E R,GRUBB D A,SMITH J S,et al.Efficiency of utilization of volatile fatty acids for maintenance and energy retention by sheep[J].Britis Journal of Nutrition,1979,41(3):541-551.
[16] LI Z,BAI H,ZHENG L,et al.Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as possible feed additives to manipulate rumen fermentation in rusitec fermenters[J].Internation Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2018,109:1088-1094.
[17] LIANG X,JIN J,BI X,et al.Effects of Chinese herbal medicine and cold exposure on plasma glucose,leucine and energy metabolism in sheep[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2018,102(2):534-541.
[18] AL-MAMUN M,SHIBUYS K,KAJITA M,et al.Responses of plasma glucose metabolism to exogenous insulin infusion in sheep-fed forage herbal plantain and exposed to heat[J].Animal, 2017,11(8):1287-1294.
[19] LIANG X,YAMAZAKI K,KAMRUZZAMAN M,et al.Effects of Chinese herbal medicine on plasma glucose,protein and energy metabolism in sheep[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2013,4(1):634-643.
[20] MIAO Y F,GAO X N,XU D N,et al.Protective effect of the new prepared Atractylodes macrocephala koidz polysaccharide on fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens[J]. Poultry Science,2021,100(2):938-948.
[21] AL-HUMAYED S.Protective and therapeutic effects of Crataegus aronia in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease[J].Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry,2017,123(1):23-30.
[22] LI X T,ZHANG Y K,KUANG H X,et al.Mitochondrial protection and anti-aging activity of Astragalus polysaccharides and their potential mechanism[J].International Journal Molecular Science,2012,13(2):1747-1761.
[23] HAN B,GAO Y,WANG Y,et al.Protective effect of a polysaccharide from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae on acute liver injury in mice[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2016,87:85-91.
[24] YIMAN M,JIAO P,HONG M,et al.Hepatoprotective activity of an herbal composition,MAP,a standardized blend comprising Myristica fragrans,Astragalus membranaceus,and Poria cocos[J].Journal of Medicinal Food,2016,19(10):952-960.
[25] NG L,KELLEY M W,FORREST D.Making sense with thyroid hormone-The role of T₃ in auditory development[J].Nature Review Endocrinology,2013,9(5):296-307.
[26] WANG Y,WANG H,ZHAN X.Effects of different dl-selenomethionine and sodium selenite levels on growth performance,immune functions and serum thyroid hormones concentrations in broilers[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2016,100(3):431-439.
[27] ZHANG P,HU L,BAI R,et al.Structural characterization of a pectic polysaccharide from Codonopsis pilosula and its immunomodulatory activities in vivo and in vitro[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2017,104(Pt A):1359-1369.