畜禽长链非编码RNA的功能及其研究方法

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.09.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长链非编码RNA（long noncoding RNA，LncRNA）是一类转录本长度超过200 nt的RNA分子，不具有编码蛋白质的能力，主要参与脂肪代谢、肌肉发育、胚胎发育、性别决定与分化等多种生物过程和疾病的调控。在LncRNA研究中，研究方法的建立和应用起着至关重要的作用。作者简述了LncRNA的生物学特性和生物学功能，重点介绍了LncRNA的主要研究方法：基因芯片、RNA-seq、Northern blotting、荧光原位杂交（FISH）、实时荧光定量PCR、RNA结构平行分析（PARS）、快速预测RNA和蛋白质相互作用（CatRAPID）等，同时介绍了LncRNA与DNA、RNA及蛋白质的相互作用的方法：RNA-pulldown、RNA结合蛋白免疫沉淀（RIP）、光活性增强的核糖核苷交联和免疫共沉淀（PAR-CLIP）、RNA反义纯化（RAP）、RNA纯化的染色质分离（CHIRP）及RNA靶标的捕获杂交分析（CHART）、交联，连接以及混合测序（CLASH），为畜禽动物中LncRNA的研究提供借鉴。

关键词: 长链非编码RNA; 畜禽; 生物学功能; 研究方法

Abstract:

Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) is a class of RNA molecules,which is more than 200 nt in length and not capable of encoding proteins.It mainly participates in various biological processes including lipid metabolism,muscle development,embryonic development,sex determination,differentiation and diseases control.The establishment and application of research methods plays a critical role in the research on LncRNA.The review introduces the biological characteristics and biological function of LncRNA in livestock and poultry,focusing on the research methods of LncRNA.Currently used methods in LncRNA research include gene chip,RNA-seq,Northern blotting,fluorescence in situ hybridization,Real-time quantitative PCR,parallel analysis of RNA structure (PARS) and fast predictions of RNA and protein interactions and domains (CatRAPID).In addition,the methods for analyzing the interaction of LncRNA with DNA,RNA,and protein including RNA-pulldown,RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP),photoactivatable ribonucleoside enhanced cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP),RNA antisense purifyication (RAP),chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP),capture hybridization analysis of RNA targets (CHART) and crosslinking,ligation and sequencing of hybrids (CLASH) are highlighted in order to provide a reference for research of LncRNA in livestock and poultry.

Key words: long noncoding RNA; livestock and poultry; biological function; research method

中图分类号:

陆启荣, 刘孟轲, 李丽, 程古月, 郝海红, 王旭, 戴梦红, 袁宗辉. 畜禽长链非编码RNA的功能及其研究方法[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2016, 43(9): 2425-2434.

LU Qi-rong, LIU Meng-ke, LI Li, CHENG Gu-yue, HAO Hai-hong, WANG Xu, DAI Meng-hong, YUAN Zong-hui. Function and Research Methods of Long Noncoding RNA in Livestock and Poultry[J]. , 2016, 43(9): 2425-2434.

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