中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 765-775.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.02.039

• 基础兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄曲霉毒素B1致病机制及防治研究进展

乔春雨, 刘家和, 张博熙, 何雨曦, 郑雨微, 吕红明   

  1. 黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院, 大庆 163319
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-05 出版日期:2022-02-05 发布日期:2022-01-27
  • 通讯作者: 郑雨微, 吕红明 E-mail:zhengbx1990@126.com;boxiang20172020@126.com
  • 作者简介:乔春雨,E-mail:3422565727@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M661314);黑龙江省博士后科学基金项目(LBHZ19033);黑龙江八一农垦大学引进人才科研启动基金项目(XYB201914)

Research Progress on Pathogenic Mechanism and Control of Aflatoxin B1

QIAO Chunyu, LIU Jiahe, ZHANG Boxi, HE Yuxi, ZHENG Yuwei, LYU Hongming   

  1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
  • Received:2021-08-05 Online:2022-02-05 Published:2022-01-27

摘要: 黄曲霉毒素(aflatoxins, AFs)是一类来自于霉菌中的剧毒物质, 其中以黄曲霉毒素B1(aflatoxin B1, AFB1)的毒性最强、危害性最大。AFB1是一种具有强致癌性及剧烈毒性的双呋喃环类毒素, 广泛分布于霉变的玉米、花生、大米和大豆等粮油作物中, 由AFB1引发的人与动物中毒事件给当前食品安全和畜禽养殖等行业的发展造成了严重危害。AFB1已被证明能够引起机体氧化应激、细胞凋亡、细胞焦亡、基因突变及免疫系统损伤。作者阐述了AFB1抑制机体免疫系统、破坏机体免疫耐受性的免疫毒性作用; 介绍了AFB1促进活性氧生成、激活Nrf2-ARE通路、诱导机体氧化应激和炎症反应进而造成器官损伤的器官毒性作用; 分析了AFB1利用细胞死亡相关受体调控外源性细胞凋亡作用, 以及通过一系列细胞凋亡相关蛋白诱导内源性细胞凋亡作用, 还可利用肝细胞经典焦亡途径引发炎症反应, 继而引发非正常死亡的细胞毒性作用; 回顾了近年来关于AFB1基因毒性与其去毒措施的作用机制及其研究进展。本综述有望为针对AFB1致病机制的深入研究及相关防治药物的研发提供参考, 并为发霉粮油作物的去毒措施的选择提供有效依据。

关键词: 黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1); 免疫毒性; 致病机制; 食品安全; 畜禽养殖

Abstract: Aflatoxins (AFs) are a kind of poisonous substances from mold, among which aflatoxins B1(AFB1) is the most toxic and harmful.AFB1 is a bifuranocyclic toxin with strong carcinogenicity and intense toxicity, which is widely distributed in moldy corn, peanut, rice and soybean and other food and oil crops, human and animal poisoning caused by AFB1 has resulted in serious harm to food safety, livestock breeding and other industries.AFB1 has been shown to cause oxidative stress, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, gene mutation and immune system damage.The immunotoxic effects of AFB1 on inhibiting immune system and destroying immune tolerance were discussed.AFB1 promotes the production of reactive oxygen species and activates the Nrf2-ARE pathway to induce oxidative stress and inflammatory response, thus causing organ damage.AFB1 regulates exogenous apoptosis through cell death-related receptors and induces endogenous apoptosis through a series of apoptosis-related proteins.AFB1 can also trigger inflammatory response through the classical pyroapoptotic pathway of liver cells, which can lead to abnormal cell death.The mechanism and research progress of AFB1 genotoxicity and its detoxification measures were reviewed.This review is expected to provide a reference for in-depth research on the pathogenic mechanism of AFB1 and the development of related control drugs, and afford an effective basis for the selection of detoxification measures for moldy grain and oil crops.

Key words: aflatoxin B1(AFB1)); immunotoxicity; pathogenic mechanism; food safety; livestock and poultry breeding

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