北京鸭苏氨酸营养研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.11.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 苏氨酸是家禽第三限制性氨基酸，对北京鸭生长发育、肠道健康、免疫机能、脂肪代谢等方面都有重要的调节作用。北京鸭是中国自主培育的肉鸭品种，具有生长发育快、育肥性能好等特点，是闻名中外的"北京烤鸭"的制作原料。作者总结了近几年国内外苏氨酸调节北京鸭营养及生理功能的研究成果，包括苏氨酸对不同日龄、不同品系北京鸭生长性能的影响，以及苏氨酸对北京鸭屠宰性能、免疫功能、肠道健康以及脂肪代谢的影响及其代谢机制等方面，汇总了近几年关于苏氨酸需要量的研究成果，利用二次曲线断线模型和直线-断线模型，以日增重、平均日采食量、胸肌率、料重比等为指标重新评估了1~14/21日龄北京鸭的苏氨酸需要量，推荐满足1~21日龄北京鸭最大日增重和产肉的苏氨酸需要量为0.60%~0.67%。然而生长后期北京鸭的苏氨酸需要量研究较少，还需要进一步研究。此外，还需要进一步研究苏氨酸调节北京鸭脂肪代谢、肠道健康和免疫功能的分子机制。

关键词: 北京鸭; 苏氨酸; 生物学功能

Abstract: Threonine is the third limiting amino acid for poultry, which has important regulatory effects on growth and development, intestinal health, immune function and fat metabolism of Pekin ducks.Peking duck is a meat duck breed bred independently in China.It has the characteristics of fast growth and good fattening performance, and is the raw material for the famous "Peking Roast Duck".The author summarizes the research of threonine on the nutritional and physiological functions of Peking duck in recent years, including the effect of threonine on growth performance, slaughter performance, immune function, intestinal health and fat metabolism in different strains of Peking duck, and the mechanism of threonine regulation on lipid metabolism.Based on the research results of threonine requirement in recent years, the threonine requirements are evaluated with the quadratic curve break-line model and the straight-line-break line model, to meet daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, breast muscle rate, feed-to-weight ratio.It is recommended that the threonine requirement to meet the maximum daily weight gain and meat production of 1-21 day old Peking duck is 0.60%-0.67%.However, there is little research on the threonine requirement of Peking duck in the late growth stage, and further research is needed.In addition, it is necessary to further study the molecular mechanism of threonine regulating fat metabolism, intestinal health and immune function in Peking duck.

Key words: Pekin duck; threonine; biological function

中图分类号:

S834⁺.81

贾雯茜, 庄重, 白皓, 王志秀, 常国斌, 陈国宏, 江勇. 北京鸭苏氨酸营养研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(11): 4197-4206.

JIA Wenqian, ZHUANG Zhong, BAI Hao, WANG Zhixiu, CHANG Guobin, CHEN Guohong, JIANG Yong. Research Progress on Threonine in Pekin Duck[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(11): 4197-4206.

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