动物DGAT基因的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.07.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

DGAT基因包括二酰基甘油酰基转移酶1（DGAT1）基因和二酰基甘油酰基转移酶2（DGAT2）基因，前者属于酰基辅酶A胆固醇酰基转移酶（ACAT）基因家族，后者属于单酰甘油酰基转移酶（MGAT）基因家族，分别编码微粒体酶DGAT1和DGAT2，这两种酶控制着甘油三酯的合成，均是定位于内质网的跨膜蛋白，其膜拓扑结构具有与其他蛋白质和细胞器相互作用的能力，影响脂肪代谢及脂类在组织中的沉积，参与调节动物机体的能量合成和分解代谢，影响心脏和肝脏中甘油三酯的代谢；同时DGAT基因的多态性影响着牛乳中脂肪的含量及泌乳量。因此，了解DGAT基因的结构和生物学功能对畜禽生长发育和生产等相关研究具有重要的意义。文章简述了DGAT基因的基本结构和生物学功能及相关的作用机制，分析了其在畜牧生产中的基础应用，如参与哺乳动物生产调控的脂肪沉积、乳脂含量等方面的研究进展。

关键词: 二酰基甘油酰基转移酶(DGAT); 生物学功能; 多态性

Abstract:

DGAT gene includes diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) genes,among which the former belongs to ACAT gene family and the latter belongs to MGAT gene family,respectively encoding DGAT1 and DGAT2,which are microsomal enzymes that control the synthesis of triglycerides and transmembrane proteins localized in the endoplasmic reticulum.The membrane topological structure has the ability to interact with other proteins and organelles,affects fat metabolism and lipid deposition in tissues,participates in the regulation of energy synthesis and catabolism in animal body,and affects the metabolism of triglycerides in heart and liver.Meanwhile,the polymorphism of DGAT gene affects the content of fat and lactation.Therefore,it is of great significance to understand the structure and biological function of DGAT gene for the healthy growth,development and production of livestock and poultry.In this paper,the basic structure,biological function and related mechanism of DGAT gene were briefly introduced,and some basic applications of DGAT gene in animal husbandry,such as the regulation of production in mammals,fat deposition and milk fat content,were analyzed.

Key words: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT); biological function; polymorphism

中图分类号:

S813.1

吴东旺, 孙丽媛, 袁再美, 和世春, 胡成龙, 邓茗月, 毛华明, 杨舒黎. 动物DGAT基因的研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(7): 1945-1952.

WU Dongwang, SUN Liyuan, YUAN Zaimei, HE Shichun, HU Chenglong, DENG Mingyue, MAO Huaming, YANG Shuli. Research Progress on Animal DGAT Gene[J]. , 2019, 46(7): 1945-1952.

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