不同物种乳氨基酸含量及组分的比较研究

›› 2013, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 106-110.

不同物种乳氨基酸含量及组分的比较研究

吕中旺^1,2, 张娟霞², 杨永新², 杨晋辉², 李发弟¹, 刘辉², 卜登攀²

1. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193

修回日期:2013-10-10 出版日期:2013-11-20 发布日期:2013-12-19
通讯作者: 卜登攀 E-mail:burdenpan@gmail.com
作者简介:吕中旺(1980-),男,安徽人,硕士生,研究方向:反刍动物营养与牛奶质量。
基金资助:
国家973计划(2011CB100805)。

Comparative Study on the Content and Composition of Amino Acids in Milk from Different Species

LV Zhong-wang^1,2, ZHANG Juan-xia², YANG Yong-xin², YANG Jin-hui², LI Fa-di¹, LIU Hui², BU Deng-pan²

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Revised:2013-10-10 Online:2013-11-20 Published:2013-12-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨不同物种乳氨基酸含量的差异及变化规律,本试验分别从北京、陕西、云南和青海等地区采集奶牛(高蛋白奶牛和低蛋白奶牛)、山羊、水牛和牦牛的乳样(各20个样品),乳样品经7.8 mol/L盐酸水解24 h后,采用氨基酸自动分析仪测定其中17种氨基酸含量,采用SAS 9.0和The Unscrambler 9.8软件分别对数据进行方差分析和主成分分析(PCA)。方差分析结果表明,牦牛乳中17种氨基酸含量均显著高于水牛乳、山羊乳、高蛋白奶牛乳和低蛋白奶牛乳(P<0.05);水牛乳中除苏氨酸、丝氨酸、缬氨酸和酪氨酸外,均显著高于山羊乳、高蛋白奶牛乳和低蛋白奶牛乳(P<0.05);山羊乳中苏氨酸、丝氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸含量均显著高于奶牛乳(P<0.05);除蛋氨酸外,高蛋白奶牛乳中氨基酸含量均显著高于低蛋白奶牛乳(P<0.05),4物种乳中总氨基酸含量均差异显著(P<0.05);PCA结果表明,水牛乳、牦牛乳、奶牛乳中氨基酸组成及含量相似,而山羊乳中由于较高含量的丝氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸和酪氨酸使得其与水牛乳、牦牛乳、奶牛乳明显区分开。提示,不同物种乳中氨基酸含量差异显著,且具有一定的种属特性。

关键词: 物种; 乳; 氨基酸

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the regulation and variation of milk amino acids composition from different dairy animals. Milk samples from cows,goats,yaks and buffalos(n=20 for each species) were obtained from the local farm of Beijing,Shanxi,Yunnan and Qinghai province,respectively.Amino acids were extracted by hydrolyzed with 7.8 mol/L HCl for 24 h,and concentrations of amino acids were determined by high speed amino acid analyzer.Data was performed statistical analysis with the SAS 9.0 and principal component analysis with The Unscrambler 9.8 software. The results showed that concentrations of all tested amino acids in yak milk were significantly higher than those of buffalo,goat,high-protein and low-protein cow milk(P<0.05). Except for Thr,Ser,Val and Tyr,other amino acids of buffalo milk were significantly higher than those of goat,high-protein and low-protein cow milk(P<0.05).Thr,Ser,Val,Met,Phe and Tyr of goat milk were significantly higher than those of cow milk(P<0.05).Except for Met,amino acids in high-protein cow milk were significantly higher than low-protein cow milk(P<0.05). Amino acids of the cow,yak,buffalo and goat milk were significantly different(P<0.05).According to the PCA scores and loading plots,goat milk with Ser,Thr,Val and Tyr contents were different from the cow,buffalo and yak milk, which were grouped together. It was concluded that the different specials showed distinct amino acids profiles and had a certain species.

Key words: species; milk; amino acids

中图分类号:

TS252.7

吕中旺, 张娟霞, 杨永新, 杨晋辉, 李发弟, 刘辉, 卜登攀. 不同物种乳氨基酸含量及组分的比较研究[J]. , 2013, 40(11): 106-110.

LV Zhong-wang, ZHANG Juan-xia, YANG Yong-xin, YANG Jin-hui, LI Fa-di, LIU Hui, BU Deng-pan. Comparative Study on the Content and Composition of Amino Acids in Milk from Different Species[J]. , 2013, 40(11): 106-110.

参考文献

1 王丽娜.南方水牛奶酪蛋白与其他乳源酪蛋白差异性的研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2011.
2 张俊霞,张海,冯永淼.呼和浩特地区萨能山羊乳氨基酸组分研究[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2009(9):44~45.
3 李海梅,马莺,程金菊,等.中甸和甘南牦牛乳中氮的分布[J].中国乳品工业,2010(9):12~14.
4 郑华,张永发,蒋爱民,等.利用水牛乳资源优势开发南方特色乳制品[J].中国乳品工业,2005,33(7):40~44.
5 顾浩峰,张富新,梁蕾,等.山羊奶与牛奶和人奶营养成分的比较[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(8):369~373.
6 曹斌云,罗军,姚军虎,等.山羊奶的营养价值与特点[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2007,26(1):49~50.
7 曾庆坤,杨炳壮,任发政,等.水牛乳蛋白质的组成[J].中国乳品工业,2007,35(8):31~33.
8 Dong S,Long R,Kang M.Milking performance of China yak(Bos grunniens):A preliminary report[J].African Journal of Agricultural Research,2007,2(3):52~57.
9 Garattini S.Glutamic acid,twenty years later[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2000,130(4):901S~909S.
10 Haenlein G F W.Nutritional value of dairy products of ewes and goats milk[J].Journal of Animal Sciences, 1996,11:395~411.
11 Indra R,Magash A.Composition,quality and consumption of yak milk in Mongolia[A].Proceedings of the third international congress on yak held in Lhasa[C].2002.
12 Li H,Ma Y,Dong A,et al.Protein composition of yak milk[J].Dairy Science & Technology,2010,90(1):111~117.
13 Lopez-Aliaga I,Diaz-Castro J,Alferez M J M,et al.A review of the nutritional and health aspects of goat milk in cases of intestinal resection[J].Dairy Science & Technology,2010,90(6):611~622.
14 Park Y W,Haenlein F W.Handbook of milk of non-bovine mammals[M]. UK:Blackwell Publishing Ltd,2008.
15 Salaün F,Mietton B,Gaucheron F.Buffering capacity of dairy products[J].International Dairy Journal,2005,15(2):95~109.
16 Sheng Q,Li J,Alam M S,et al.Gross composition and nutrient profiles of Chinese yak(Maiwa) milk[J].International Journal of Food Science & Technology,2008,43(3):568~572.
17 Tamime A Y. Brined cheeses[M]. UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2006.
18 Wiener G,Han J L, Long R J.Origins,domestication and distribution of yak[M].Thailand: RAP Publication,2003.

[1]	施金谷, 黄珊珊, 黄基伟, 陈坤海, 胡大胜, 朱志雄, 韩书煜. 高温胁迫下罗非鱼源无乳链球菌的比较转录组分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2207-2216.
[2]	汪阳阳, 秦士贞, 唐德富, 邵玉新, 史兆国, 王铮, 李星, 赵东栋. 锌、乳酸杆菌对感染沙门氏菌乳鸽免疫及抗氧化功能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2276-2285.
[3]	吴立婷, 陆睿, 刘半红, 包红朵, 王永娟, 周艳, 王冉, 张辉. 产气荚膜梭菌噬菌体及乳酸杆菌联用改善肉鸡生长性能和调节肠道菌群功能研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2321-2332.
[4]	樊艺萌, 魏媛媛, 王惠茹, 尕玉, 张艳楠, 赵卿宇, 郝智慧. 基于网络药理学与分子对接探究中兽药复方乳康颗粒治疗奶牛乳房炎的作用机制[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2507-2517.
[5]	薛沾枚, 刘雪松, 张艳, 张备, 孟维珊, 张国华, 王岩, 钟鹏, 邱景会, 汤继龙, 史同瑞. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌发酵对乳康方剂中药有效成分提取效果的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2540-2549.
[6]	张新科, 朱雪丹, 陈云, 张守全. 骨密度及其与哺乳动物生产关系研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(4): 1422-1433.
[7]	刘震, 周雪勤, 徐翡, 李浙烽, 孙寒雪, 李国勤, 陶争荣, 官梅, 郑强, 刁新平, 卢立志. 包被丁酸钠对种鸽和乳鸽的生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数及消化酶活性的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 998-1006.
[8]	陈少俊, 李刚, 奈子达, 刘娣, 姜新鹏. 基因编辑益生菌在动物肠道健康上的研究及应用[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 1016-1024.
[9]	银方方, 屈瑞, 叶梦珺, 候萌, 马学军, 彭啟敏, 陈伟丽, 卢亚宾, 买占海, 王金泉. 嗜酸乳杆菌对运输前后马肠道菌群的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 543-555.
[10]	尹杨燕, 潘艳, 李小宁, 李军, 廖玉英, 李常挺, 韦天超, 彭昊. 1株植物乳杆菌的生物学特性及体外抑菌活性研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 666-673.
[11]	马晓姣, 赵艳坤, 邵伟, 武亚婷, 李明, 刘慧敏, 孟璐, 陈贺. 新疆部分地区生乳中金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 789-797.
[12]	钟华晨, 王丽芳, 郭晨阳, 刘嘉琳, 宋洁. 内蒙古地区乳房炎奶样与环境中细菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 817-826.
[13]	吴涛, 齐云霞, 刘伟, 朱洪龙, 黄冬维, 丁海生, 赵辉玲, 程广龙, 赵小伟. 基于蛋白质组学技术分析初乳和常乳摄入对初生犊牛肝脏蛋白表达的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 37-45.
[14]	潘思尧, 张丹丹, 刘权辉, 王国栋, 吕丹薇, 黄奔. 抑制miR-142-3p对奶山羊化学诱导乳腺上皮细胞泌乳功能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 58-66.
[15]	王家豪, 王静, 袁鹏, 李志伟, 耿娟, 王卉, 李凤鸣, 臧长江. 哺乳期幼驼与成年母驼粪便菌群多样性分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 97-105.