保定地区猫泛白细胞减少症病毒VP2基因的遗传进化分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】了解保定地区猫泛白细胞减少症病毒(Feline panleukopenia virus，FPV)的流行情况以及其VP2基因遗传变异情况。【方法】从保定市多家宠物医院随机采集20例疑似患猫泛白细胞减少症(feline panleukopenia，FP)的猫粪便和鼻腔分泌物样本，利用PCR扩增、测序获得FPV VP2全基因序列并对其进行分析，利用Mega 7.0软件构建系统进化树，采用MegAlign软件对其核苷酸序列相似性及关键氨基变异位点进行分析。【结果】 20例患猫粪便样品中扩增出16条长度为1 755 bp的FPV VP2特异性条带，序列分析表明，FPV VP2基因全长为1 755 bp，分离获得的FPV均属于G1分型，与日本分离株V211(登录号：AB054227)亲缘关系较近，与FPV标准株CU-4(登录号：M38246)亲缘关系较远，16条FPV VP2基因之间核苷酸序列相似性为99.1%～100%。16条VP2蛋白序列的13个关键氨基酸位点均相同，与FPV标准株CU-4相比，在第101位氨基酸处出现I-T突变；与5个参考毒株CPV VP2的关键氨基酸位点进行比对，仅第101位氨基酸位点相同，其他位点均存在不同程度变异。【结论】保定区主要流行G1型FPV，且其VP2基因遗传稳定性较强。研究结果丰富了FPV的流行病学资料，为保定地区FPV预防提供了理论依据。

关键词: 猫泛白细胞减少症病毒(FPV); VP2基因; 遗传进化; 氨基酸位点

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) and the genetic variation of FPV VP2 gene in Baoding. 【Method】 The feces and nasal secretions samples of 20 cats suspected to be infected with feline panleukopenia (FP) were randomly collected from several pet hospitals in Baoding,and the FPV VP2 whole gene sequence was obtained by PCR amplification and sequencing.The phylogenetic tree was constructed by Mega 7.0 software,and the nucleotide sequence similarity and key amino mutation sites were analyzed by MegAlign software. 【Result】 16 FPV VP2 specific bands with length of 1 755 bp were amplified from the fecal samples of 20 cats,and the sequence analysis showed that the full length of FPV VP2 gene was 1 755 bp.The isolated FPV belonged to G1 subtype,which was closely related to Japanese strain V211 (accession No.:AB054227) and far related to FPV standard strain CU-4 (accession No.:M38246).The nucleotide sequence similarity among 16 FPV VP2 genes was 99.1%-100%.13 key amino acid sites of 16 VP2 protein sequences were the same.Compared with FPV standard strain CU-4,there was an I-T mutation at amino acid 101.Compared with the key amino acid sites of 5 reference strains CPV VP2,only the 101 amino acid site was the same,and other sites had different degrees of variation. 【Conclusion】 G1 FPV was predominant in Baoding area,and the VP2 gene had strong genetic stability.The results enriched the epidemiological data of FPV and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of FPV in Baoding area.

Key words: Feline leukopenia virus (FPV); VP2 gene; genetic evolution; amino acid site

中图分类号:

S852.65⁺9.2

邹畅, 胡月, 李海花, 乔家运. 保定地区猫泛白细胞减少症病毒VP2基因的遗传进化分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 823-831.

ZOU Chang, HU Yue, LI Haihua, QIAO Jiayun. Genetic Evolution Analysis of VP2 Gene of Feline Panleukopenia Virus in Baoding Area[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 823-831.

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