硒代蛋氨酸对黄曲霉毒素B1致兔脾脏损伤的保护作用

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.09.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】旨在探究硒代蛋氨酸(selenomethionine，SeMet)对黄曲霉毒素B₁(aflatoxin B₁，AFB₁)致家兔脾脏损伤的保护作用。【方法】选取50只35日龄家兔，随机分为5组，每组10只，分别为对照组(基础饲粮)、模型组(0.3 mg/kg BW AFB₁＋基础饲粮)、Se-1组(0.2 mg/kg SeMet＋0.3 mg/kg BW AFB₁＋基础饲粮)、Se-2组(0.4 mg/kg SeMet＋0.3 mg/kg BW AFB₁＋基础饲粮)、Se-3组(0.6 mg/kg SeMet＋0.3 mg/kg BW AFB₁＋基础饲粮),试验期共21 d。试验结束后取脾脏，通过HE染色观察脾脏组织形态学变化、免疫组化染色观察PCNA蛋白表达量和TUNEL染色观察细胞凋亡率，并检测脾脏组织中氧化应激水平和炎性因子的含量。【结果】与对照组相比，模型组家兔脾脏可见红髓与白髓排列紊乱，淋巴细胞数量明显减少，PCNA蛋白的表达降低并出现大量凋亡细胞。与模型组相比，饲料中添加SeMet可明显改善家兔AFB₁中毒引起的脾脏病理损伤；同时提高了脾脏组织中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性(P＜0.01)，降低了丙二醛(MDA)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和IL-1β含量(P＜0.01)，有效缓解了AFB₁中毒引起的氧化应激和炎症反应。【结论】饲料中添加SeMet可以通过提高抗氧化酶的活性，降低炎性因子的表达，有效改善AFB₁引起的家兔脾脏损伤。其中以0.2 mg/kg SeMet的缓解效果最佳。

关键词: 硒代蛋氨酸; 黄曲霉毒素B₁; 家兔; 脾损伤

Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the protective effect of selenomethionine (SeMet) on spleen injury induced by aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) in rabbits. 【Method】 50 rabbits aged 35 days were randomly divided into 5 groups, 10 in each group, namely control group (basal diet), model group (0.3 mg/kg BW AFB₁＋basal diet), Se-1 group (0.2 mg/kg SeMet＋0.3 mg/kg BW AFB₁＋basal diet), Se-2 group (0.4 mg/kg SeMet＋0.3 mg/kg BW AFB₁＋basal diet) and Se-3 group (0.6 mg/kg SeMet＋0.3 mg/kg BW AFB₁＋basal diet).The experimental period was 21 days.After the experiment, the spleen was taken out to observe the morphological changes of spleen tissue by HE staining, PCNA protein expression by immunohistochemical staining, apoptosis rate by TUNEL staining, and the oxidative stress level and inflammatory factors content in spleen tissue were detected. 【Result】 Compared with control group, the red pulp and white pulp of the spleen of rabbits in model group were arranged disorder, the number of lymphocytes decreased obviously, PCNA protein expression decreased and a large number of apoptotic cells appeared.Compared with model group, SeMet supplementation in diet could significantly improve the pathological damage of spleen induced by AFB₁ poisoning in rabbits.At the same time, SeMet could also increase the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in spleen tissue (P＜0.01), and significantly reduce the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β (P＜0.01). 【Conclusion】 SeMet supplementation could effectively improve AFB₁-induced spleen injury in rabbits by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the expression of inflammatory factors.Among them, 0.2 mg/kg SeMet had the best response.

Key words: selenomethionine; aflatoxin B₁; rabbit; spleen injury

中图分类号:

S816.7

刘世洋, 张自强, 王诗诗, 牛冰玉, 孔德婧, 张智凯, 刘玉梅. 硒代蛋氨酸对黄曲霉毒素B₁致兔脾脏损伤的保护作用[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(9): 3828-3836.

LIU Shiyang, ZHANG Ziqiang, WANG Shishi, NIU Bingyu, KONG Dejing, ZHANG Zhikai, LIU Yumei. Protective Effect of Selenomethionine on Spleen Injury Induced by Aflatoxin B₁ in Rabbits[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(9): 3828-3836.

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硒代蛋氨酸对黄曲霉毒素B₁致兔脾脏损伤的保护作用

Protective Effect of Selenomethionine on Spleen Injury Induced by Aflatoxin B₁ in Rabbits

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