湖羊胚胎和精液超低温保存效果的评价

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.09.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】检验长期保存在国家家畜基因库的湖羊冷冻胚胎和冷冻精液的质量，评价超低温冷冻保存技术保种的效果。【方法】对保存于国家家畜基因库的冷冻胚胎（保存20年）和冷冻精液（保存20和30年）进行复苏，进行相应鉴定后分别进行胚胎移植和人工授精，同时以0年冷冻精液和新鲜精液为对照，测定其受胎率和后代的羔皮性能、生长性能及繁殖性能，检验保存效果。【结果】本试验共解冻胚胎36枚，其中，A级胚胎22枚，B级胚胎7枚，C级胚胎5枚，D级胚胎2枚，冷冻胚胎复苏利用率达到94.44%（34/36），A级胚胎率达到61.11%（22/36），移植34枚，产羔17只，冷冻胚胎复苏移植产羔率达50.00%；保存30年的冷冻精液复苏后平均精子活力达35%，受胎率为58.57%，平均产羔1.90只；保存20年冷冻精液复苏后平均精子活力达31%，受胎率为53.66%，平均产羔1.95只；胚胎复苏移植羊、30和20年冷冻精液后代体型外貌鉴定均符合纯种湖羊特征，没有畸形个体；羔羊一级羔皮率分别是31.25%、42.03%和23.81%，保持了当年湖羊的羔皮特性；生长发育及繁殖性能与现有湖羊群体性能基本保持一致。【结论】利用超低温冷冻技术长期保存湖羊冷冻胚胎和冷冻精液的方法是可行的，对地方品种保种具有重要意义。

关键词: 冷冻胚胎; 冷冻精液; 复苏; 繁殖; 湖羊

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to test the quality of long-term frozen embryos and forzen semen of Hu sheep in national livestock gene banks, and to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation.【Method】 The frozen embryos (preserved for 20 years) and frozen semen (preserved for 20 and 30 years) produced in 1988 and 1998 and stored in the national livestock gene bank were resuscitated.After corresponding identification, embryo transfer and artificial insemination were carried out respectively.At the same time, 0-year frozen semen and fresh semen were used as controls to determine the conception rate and the lambskin performance, growth performance and breeding performance of offspring, and test the preservation effect.【Result】 A total of 36 embryos were thawed in this experiment, including 22 class-A embryos, 7 class-B embryos, 5 class-C embryos and 2 class-D embryos.The recovery rate of frozen embryos reached 94.44% (34/36), the rate of class A embryos reached 61.11% (22/36).34 embryos were transplanted and 17 embryos were lambed.The lambing rate of frozen embryos was 50.00%.The average sperm motility of 30-year frozen semen was 35%, the conception rate was 58.57%, and the average number of lambs was 1.90.The average sperm motility of 20-year frozen semen was 31%, the conception rate was 53.66%, and the average number of lambs was 1.95.The body shape and appearance of embryo resuscitation transplanted sheep, 30-year and 20-year frozen semen progenies were consistent with the characteristics of pure Hu sheep, and there were no abnormal individuals.The first grade lambskin percentage of the lambs were 31.25%, 42.03% and 23.81%, respectively, which maintained the lambskin characteristics of the Hu sheep in that year.The growth, development and reproductive performance were basically consistent with those of the existing Hu sheep population.【Conclusion】 The method of long-term preservation of frozen embryos and semen of Hu sheep by cryopreservation was feasible, which was of great significance to the conservation of local breeds.

Key words: frozen embryo; frozen semen; resuscitation; reproduction; Hu sheep

中图分类号:

S826

刘刚, 朱芳贤, 章晓炜, 顾峰, 刘莉君, 苏锐, 孟飞, 许海涛, 孙飞舟. 湖羊胚胎和精液超低温保存效果的评价[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(9): 3492-3499.

LIU Gang, ZHU Fangxian, ZHANG Xiaowei, GU Feng, LIU Lijun, SU Rui, MENG Fei, XU Haitao, SUN Feizhou. Evaluation of Embryo and Sperm Cryopreservation in Hu Sheep[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(9): 3492-3499.

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