抗奶牛热应激中药组方筛选及应用研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.11.041

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to screening traditional Chinese medicine formulas and their applicable dosages for anti-heat stress in dairy cows,and providing reference for traditional Chinese medicine in anti-heat stress in dairy cows. 【Method】 With the principle of “supplementing qi and nourishing blood,nourishing yin and generating fluids” and “clearing heat and cooling blood”,中国畜牧兽医51卷 11期王晓芳等：抗奶牛热应激中药组方筛选及应用研究 three traditional Chinese medicine formulas were formulated,which were named TCM1，TCM2 and TCM3,respectively.40 dairy cows with similar milk production and milk composition were selected,and randomly divided into 4 groups TM1,TM2,TM3 and control (CON) groups (n＝10).Dairy cows in CON group were fed with conventional diet,while in the other three groups were fed with diets supplemented with TCM1,TCM2 and TCM3,respectively.On the 1st,7th,14th,21st,28th and 30th day of the experiment,the milk production of each group of dairy cows was recorded,and the milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,lactose percentage,and somatic cell number in milk were measured to screen for the best traditional Chinese medicine formula.Based on the selected formula,40 healthy dairy cows with similar milk production and milk indicators were selected and randomly divided into high-dose group (30 g/(head·d)),medium dose group (20 g/(head·d)), low-dose group (15 g/(head·d)) and control group (n＝10).Dairy cows in control group were fed with conventional diet,while each traditional Chinese medicine group was fed with a diet with different doses of traditional Chinese medicine,respectively.The milk production of each cow was recorded on the 1st,15th,31st day of the experiment.The milk samples were collected from each group,and the milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,lactose percentage,and somatic cell number were measured for screening the optimal dosage of medication. 【Result】 Results of formula screening test:①The results of milk fat percentage measurement showed that,On the 21st day,the milk fat percentage in TCM1 group was significantly higher than of CON and TCM2 groups (P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference compared to TCM3 group (P＞0.05).On the 28th day,the milk fat percentage in TCM1，TCM2 and TCM3 groups was significantly higher than that of CON group (P＜0.05)，and there was no significant difference among them (P＞0.05).On the 30th day,the milk fat percentage of TCM1 and TCM3 groups was significantly higher than that of TCM2 and CON groups.The milk protein percentage in TCM1 was significantly higher than that of CON group (P＜0.05) on the 14th and 21th day.And there were no significant differences between the experimental groups at other time points.There was no significant difference in lactose percentage among the groups during the experiment (P＞0.05).②The results of milk production measurement showed that,on the 14th,21st,28th and 30th day,milk production in all traditional Chinese medicine groups was significantly higher than that of CON group (P＜0.05).On the 28th day,milk production in TCM3 group was significantly higher than that in TCM2 group (P＜0.05).The test results of 4% FCM showed that,at the 14th day and subsequent time points,4% FCM of all traditional Chinese medicine groups showed a significantly higher level than that of CON group (P＜0.05).On the 14th day,TCM3 group was significantly higher than that of TCM1 group (P＜0.05).On the 28th and 30th day,4% FCM of TCM3 group was significantly higher than that of TCM2 group (P＜0.05).③The results of somatic cell count (SCC) measurement showed that,on the 14th day,the SCC of TCM3 group was significantly lower than that of CON group (P＜0.05).On the 21st,28th and 30th day,the SCC of TCM3 group was significantly lower than that of TCM1 group.On the 21st and 30th day,the SCC of TCM2 group was significantly lower than that of TCM1 group (P＜0.05).The dose screening results showed that:①There were no significant difference in milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,lactose percentage among all the groups (P＞0.05).② The results of milk production level measurement showed that,on the 15th day,the actual milk production of medium and high dose groups were significantly higher than that of low dose group and control group (P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference in the 4% FCM among all the groups (P＞0.05).On the 31st day,the actual milk production and 4% FCM of medium and high dose groups were significantly higher than that of control group (P＜0.05).③ The results of SCC measurement showed that,on the 15th day,each SCC of medium and high dose groups was significantly lower than that of low dose group and control group (P＜0.05).On the 31st day,each SCC of all traditional Chinese medicine groups was significantly lower than that of control group (P＜0.05),and SCC of medium and high dose groups were significantly lower than that of low dose group (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 The traditional Chinese medicine formula selected with the best anti-heat stress effect on dairy cows was TCM3.The recommended amount of additives was 20 g/(head·d).

Key words: dairy cows; heat stress; traditional Chinese medicine; screening; application

CLC Number:

S852.4

WANG Xiaofang, WANG Yawen, LI Jiefeng, FU Le, ZHANG Ning, QIN Jianhua. Screening and Application Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas for Anti-heat Stress in Dairy Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(11): 5064-5073.

References

[1] WEST J W.Effects of heat-stress on production in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(6):2131-2144.
[2] HILL D L,WALL E.Weather influences feed intake and feed efficiency in a temperate climate[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(3):2240-2257.
[3] SHWARTZ G,RHOADS M L,VANBAALE M J,et al.Effects of a supplemental yeast culture on heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(3):935-942.
[4] NADERI N,GHORBANI G R,SADEGHI-SEFIDMAZGI A,et al.Shredded beet pulp substituted for corn silage in diets fed to dairy cows under ambient heat stress:Feed intake,total-tract digestibility,plasma metabolites,and milk production[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(11):8847-8857.
[5] 刘新勇，谭正准，李辉，等.热应激对摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛血液生化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医，2022,49(2)：521-528.
LIU X Y,TAN Z Z,LI H,et al.Effects of heat stress on blood biochemical indexes of Murrah and Nili-Ravi buffaloes[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2022,49(2)：521-528.(in Chinese)
[6] 郑洁怡，杨舒黎，赵开玲，等.热应激对反刍动物瘤胃功能及潜在耐热标志物的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医，2024,51(3):1041-1049.
ZHENG J Y，YANG S L,ZHAO K L,et al.Effects of heat stress on rumen function and potential heat tolerance markers in ruminants[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2024,51(3):1041-1049.(in Chinese)
[7] RANJITKAR S,BU D,WIJK M V,et al.Will heat stress take its toll on milk production in China?[J].Climatic Change,2020,161:637-652.
[8] 李展.中兽药在兽医临床中的应用及创新发展研究[J].中兽医学杂志,2023,4:88-90.
LI Z.Research on the application and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine in veterinary clinical practice[J].Chinese Journal of Traditional Veterinary Science,2023,4:88-90.(in Chinese)
[9] ZENG H F,XI Y M,LI Y Q,et al.Analysis of Astragalus polysaccharide intervention in heat-stressed dairy cows’ serum metabolomics[J].Animals,2020,10(4):574.
[10] SONG X Z,LUO J R,FU D B,et al.Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions enhance growth performance of heat stressed beef cattle by relieving heat stress responses and increasing apparent nutrient digestibility[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(10):1513-1520.
[11] CHEN J,MAO Y Q,GUO K,et al.The synergistic effect of traditional Chinese medicine prescription and rumen-protected γ-aminobutyric acid on beef cattle under heat stress[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2021,105:807-815.
[12] ZIMBELMAN R B,RHOADS R P,RHOAD M L,et al.A re-evaluation of the impact of temperature humidity index (THI) and black globe humidity index (BGHI) on milk production in high producing dairy cows.[J].Ieice Technical Report Asn Ambient Intelligence & Sensor Networks,2009,113.Doi:http://dx.doi.org/.
[13] 房媛,石钰,张龙龙.中草药提取物对热应激肉牛生长性能、养分消化、瘤胃发酵及肉品质的影响[J].中国饲料,2022,2:29-32.
FANG Y,SHI Y,ZHANG L L.Effects of Chinese herbal extracts on growth performance,nutrient digestion,rumen fermetation and meat quality of beef cattle under heat-stressed condition[J].China Feed,2022,2:29-32.(in Chinese)
[14] TULLO E,MATTACHINI G,RIVA E,et al.Effects of climatic conditions on the lying behavior of a group of primiparous dairy cows[J].Animals,2019,9:869.
[15] BOURAOUI R,LAHMAR M,MAJDOUB A,et al.The relationship of temperature-humidity index with milk production of dairy cows in a Mediterranean climate[J]. Animal Research,2002,51:479-491.
[16] BOHMANOVA J,MISZTAL I,COLE J B.Temperature-humidity indices as indicators of milk production losses due to heat stress[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(4):1947-1956.
[17] MAJKI AC＇G ,MARKO R C,BRANISLAVA B,et al.Relationship between milk production and metabolic adaptation in dairy cows during heat stress[J].Acta Agriculturae Serbica,2017,44:123-131.
[18] DAS R,SAILO L,VERMA N,et al.Impact of heat stress on health and performance of dairy animals:A review[J].Veterinary World,2016,9(3):260-268.
[19] JINGAR S C,MEHLA R K,SINGH M.Climatic effects on occurrence of clinical mastitis in different breeds of cows and buffaloes[J].Archivos de Zootecnia,2014,63(243):473-482.
[20] BRÜGEMANN K,GERNAND E,KÖENIG VON BORSTEL U,et al.Defining and evaluating heat stress thresholds in different dairy cow production systems[J].Arch Tierzucht,2012,55:13-24.
[21] GAO S T,GUO J,QUAN S Y,et al.The effects of heat stress on protein metabolism in lactating Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(6):5040-5049.
[22] 单春花.发酵中药对夏季奶牛生产性能和免疫功能的影响[D].保定：河北农业大学,2019.
SHAN C H.Effects of fermented traditional Chinese medicine on performance and immune function of dairy cows in summer[D].Baoding:Hebei Agricultural University,2019.(in Chinese)
[23] 刘佩.复方中草药添加剂缓解热应激对低产奶牛生产性能的影响[D].南昌：江西农业大学,2023.
LIU P.Compound Chinese herbal medicine additive alleviates the effect of heat stress on the performance of low-yield dairy cows[D].Nangchang:Jiangxi Agricultural University,2023.(in Chinese)
[24] HAO X,WANG P,REN Y,et al.Effects of Astragalus membranaceus roots supplementation on growth performance,serum antioxidant and immune response in finishing lambs[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2020,33:965.
[25] GUO L L,HUA J,LUAN Z,et al.Effects of the stems and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus on growth performance,immunological parameters,antioxidant status,and intestinal bacteria of quail[J].Animal Science Journal,2019,90:747-756.
[26] CHEN F,HUANG G L,YANG Z Y,et al.Antioxidant activity of Momordica charantia polysaccharide and its derivatives[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2019,138:673-680.
[27] XIE T,BAI S P,ZHANG K Y,et al.Effects of Lonicera confusa and Astragali Radix extracts supplementation on egg production performance,egg quality,sensory evaluation,and antioxidative parameters of laying hens during the late laying period[J].Poultry Science,2019,98:4838-4847.
[28] SHAN C H,GUO J,SUN X,et al.Effects of fermented Chinese herbal medicines on milk performance and immune function in late-lactation cows under heat stress conditions[J].Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(10):4444-4457.
[29] TAO S,ORELLANA R M,WENG X,et al.Symposium review:The influences of heat stress on bovine mammary gland function[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2018,101(6):5642-5654.
[30] 樊艺萌，魏媛媛，王惠茹，等.基于网络药理学与分子对接探究中兽药复方乳康颗粒治疗奶牛乳房炎的作用机制[J].中国畜牧兽医，2023,50(6):2507-2517.
FAN Y M,WEI Y Y,WANG H R,et al.Potential mechanisms of Chinese veterinary medicine compound Rukang granules in the treatment of dairy cow mastitis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2023,50(6):2507-2517.(in Chinese)
[31] LIU H,LIU J C,LV Z Z,et al.Effect of dehydration techniques on bioactive compounds in hawthorn slices and their correlations with antioxidant properties[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2019,56:2446-2457.
[32] PATRA A K,AMASHEH S,ASCHENBACH J R.Modulation of gastrointestinal barrier and nutrient transport function in farm animals by natural plant bioactive compounds--A comprehensive review[J].Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,2019,59:3237-3266.
[33] 胡永灵,叶世莉,罗佳捷.中药制剂对热应激奶牛泌乳性能、抗氧化能力及免疫功能的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(1):132-140.
HU Y L,YE S L,LUO J J.Effect of Chinese herbal medicine on milk production,antioxidant capacity and immunity of dairy cows[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2015,24(1):132-140.(in Chinese)
[34] 张志登,敬盈嘉,刘影,等.热应激对泌乳奶牛生理指标及生产性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2020,56(4):169-172.
ZHANG Z D,JING Y J,LIU Y,et al.The effect of heat stress on physiological indicators and production performance of lactating cows[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science，2020,56(4):169-172.(in Chinese)
[35] 李征,陈胜楠,葛萃萃,等.热应激对荷斯坦奶牛泌乳能力和乳成分乳脂脂肪酸组成的影响[J].中国乳品工业,2020,48(11):19-21.
LI Z,CHEN S N,GE C C,et al.Effects of heat stress on lactation performance and fatty acid composition of milk fat in Holstein cows[J].China Dairy Industry,2020,48(11):19-21.(in Chinese)
[36] RHOADS M L,RHOADS R P,VANBAALE M J,et al.Effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on lactating Holstein cows:Ⅰ.Production,metabolism,and aspects of circulating somatotropin[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(5):1986-1997.
[37] RÍUS A G.Invited review:Adaptations of protein and amino acid metabolism to heat stress in dairy cows and other livestock species[J]. Applied Animal Science,2019,35(1):39-48.
[38] SMITH D L,SMITH T,RUDE B J,et al.Short communication:comparison of the effects of heat stress on milk and component yields and somatic cell score in Holstein and Jersey cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(5):3028-3033.

Screening and Application Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas for Anti-heat Stress in Dairy Cows

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	LI Jinnan, WANG Yahui, DENG Tianyu, LIANG Mang, DU Lili, LI Keanning, XUE Qingqing, QIAN Li, GAO Xue, ZHANG Lupei, ZHU Bo, CHEN Yan, WANG Zezhao, LI Junya, GAO Huijiang. Cloning,Bioinformatics Analysis and Tissue Expression Profile of Coding Region of Bovine MED28 Gene [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(8): 3225-3236.
[2]	WANG Changtong, YANG Liandi, YIN Li, WANG Le, ZHANG Jin, ZUO Fuyuan, HUANG Wenming. Effects of Heat Stress on the Structure and Metabolites of Fecal Flora of Goats [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(8): 3288-3300.
[3]	YAO Weijia, LUO Chunhai, LIU Jiajin, WANG Wei, LI Danyang, LIU Bingqi, FU Shixin. Effect of Overexpression of miRNA-424-5p Targeting AKT3 on Apoptosis of Endometrial Epithelial Cells in Dairy Cows [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(8): 3635-3642.
[4]	HE Xingli, ZHOU Peiyao, ZHANG Xiaoxue, MOU Quanzhou, LI Yang, WANG Zhaoyuan, LIU Peng, WANG Zi, SONG Yangyang, LI Xiaolin, SHEN Binglei. Effect of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis on the Secretion of Inflammatory Factors by Neutrophils in Dairy Cows [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(8): 3676-3686.
[5]	JI Guoshang, SHENG Hui, ZHANG Junxing, FENG Xue, HU Chunli, WANG Yachun, MA Yanfen, LI Li, YANG Wenfei, MA Yun. Study on the Function of PCYOX1L Gene Regulating LPS-induced Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(7): 2984-2997.
[6]	WANG Meile, YU Yangfan, XU Peng, CHEN Qing, AKILA·ANWAR, LI Shuxuan, YANG Songhua, YIN Sugai, FENG Shuying. Research Progress on the Pathogenic Mechanism and Prevention Strategy of African Swine Fever Virus [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(7): 3041-3055.
[7]	GAO Qingyu, FU Le, SHI Yuxiang, LI Jiefeng, LIU Yanran, QIN Lijia, ZHANG Huaying, HE Tuanyong, WANG Xiaofang. Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula on Diarrhoea Caused by Escherichia coli in Mice [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(6): 2661-2670.
[8]	MA Xiaoxue, LONG Rui, NIU Yujie, GUO Hongyong, LUO Ruiqing, WU Yanyan, ZHANG Wenju. Effect of Adding Isoacids in Perinatal Diet on Rumen Fermentation Parameters, Rumen Microorganisms and Production Performance of Dairy Cows [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(4): 1428-1437.
[9]	ZHANG Tenglong, GUO Chenyang, ZHONG Huachen, LIU Jialin, SONG Jie, WANG Lifang. Effects of Dandelion and Forsythia Extracts on Production Performance,Serum Antioxidant and Immune Indexes of Dairy Cows With Subclinical Mastitis [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(4): 1490-1499.
[10]	CAI Cimei, MA Chong, ZHU Jianfeng, PANG Xu, QI Jiaojiao, LI Xueling, YANG Meiyan, HU Wenfeng, HU Bin. Advance of Applications of Hermetia illucens L.Larvae as Feedstock in Pig Production [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(4): 1500-1510.
[11]	PENG Cong, LI Jing, TANG Xiaopeng, WANG Zixuan, WU Yuhong, ZHU Yiping. Research Progress on the Application of Platelet-rich Plasma in the Equine Locomotor System Injuries [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(4): 1784-1791.
[12]	LUO Chunhai, ZHENG Chengyuan, ZHANG Menglong, YAO Weijia, LIU Jiajin, LIU Bingqi, WANG Wei, FU Shixin. Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A Expression by miRNA-185 in Dairy Cows with Retained Fetal Membranes [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(3): 916-925.
[13]	JIANG Huiqiong, LIU Yating, CHEN Qinghua. Physiological Function of Superoxide Dismutase and Its Application Prospect in Animal Production [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(3): 945-954.
[14]	ZHENG Jieyi, YANG Shuli, ZHAO Kailing, GONG Li, LI Chuan. Effects of Heat Stress on Rumen Function and Potential Heat Tolerance Markers in Ruminants [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(3): 1041-1049.
[15]	DENG Tanjie, HOU Guanyu, SHI Liguang, FANG Yi, WU Xiaomei, XUN Wenjuan. Effects of Cardamomine on Organ Coefficients,Serum Biochemical Indexes, Antioxidant Capacity and Inflammatory Factors of Chronically Heat-stressed Danzhou Chickens [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(3): 1050-1059.