CRISPR/Cas9技术在畜禽育种中的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.04.019

Abstract

Abstract: When using traditional methods to modify the genome at a specific locus of livestock and poultry,it can only be realized by homologous recombination in somatic cells and nuclear transfer.The difficulty and low efficiency of traditional homologous recombination methods hinder the wide application of gene modification in livestock and poultry genetics and breeding.In recent years,the discovery of site-specific endonucleases provides a different and more direct way for targeted gene modification,because these enzymes can directly carry out one-step gene editing on DNA sequence.Clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeat/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) is an RNA oriented DNA endonuclease,which can accurately locate specific target sites and efficiently complete RNA oriented DNA recognition and editing.As an accurate and powerful third-generation genome editing tool,CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been successfully applied to pigs,cattle,goats,sheep and chickens.These CRISPR/Cas9 gene edited livestock can be used as biological models to study human or livestock and poultry physiology and pathology model,bioreactors to produce functional proteins or donors for organ transplantation.Especially in livestock and poultry production,CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing can be used to improve the genetic characteristics of production,improve the quality of livestock and poultry products and the resistance of livestock and poultry to diseases.The author summarized the principle of CRISPR/Cas9 technology with specific site genome modification in livestock and poultry and the latest progress of its genome editing in livestock and poultry breeding,in order to provide reference for promoting the research of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in livestock and poultry breeding.

Key words: CRISPR/Cas9 technology; livestock and poultry; genetic improvement; disease resistance breeding; gene editing

CLC Number:

S813.3

XU Jing, YANG Guang, JIANG Meiqi, DING Xiangbin, GUO Yiwen, HU Debao, LI Xin, GUO Hong, ZHANG Linlin. Research Advances on CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Livestock and Poultry Breeding[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(4): 1374-1383.

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Research Advances on CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Livestock and Poultry Breeding

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