鸡开产日龄遗传调控研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2015.04.034

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 开产日龄是重要经济性状,家禽开产越早产蛋初期生产性能越高.国内外学者针对开产日龄的遗传调控机理,从遗传方式、遗传力及遗传标记等多角度,应用同胞设计、全基因组连锁分析、全基因组关联分析等进行了广泛研究.多数研究结果支持鸡的开产日龄性状具有中等强度遗传力,介于0.24~0.55之间,表明通过选育可以从遗传上改善开产日龄性状.开产日龄变异系数较高,预示开产日龄整齐度将是未来选育重点.候选基因碱基多样性分析表明生长激素、催乳素、GDF-8等生殖轴基因与开产日龄变异相关,但研究结果仍有待进一步验证.鸡全基因组连锁分析发现9个染色体11个位点携带开产日龄相关基因.禽类开产日龄遗传调控研究将为品种选育及改良提供支持.

关键词: 开产日龄; 遗传基础; 候选基因; QTL; 鸡

Abstract: Age at the first egg (AFE) remained to be an important economic implication because the earlier onset of sexual maturity meaned the more number of egg production. There were many articles concerning the genetic basis on AFE, based on inheritance, heritability and genetic markers with sibling design, GWAS and QTL mapping. However, few review summarized the previous study. Most studies have concluded that medium heritability, ranged between 0.24 and 0.55, had exists for effective selection on AFE. High CV in AFE meaned uniformity would be selected in the future. It had been reported that polymorphisms of candidate genes, such as genes involved in hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis regulation, were associated with AFE. However, many of these results had needed further confirmations. Based on the results from genome-wide linkage analyses on different subject populations, 11 loci located on 9 chromosomes were reported to harbor AFE genes in chicken. It's expected that the dissections in genetic architecture of AFE would provide a basis on selection and genetic improvement on local breed.

Key words: age at the first egg; genetic architecture; candidate genes; QTL; chicken

中图分类号:

S831.2

郭军, 王克华. 鸡开产日龄遗传调控研究进展[J]. , 2015, 42(4): 997-1003.

GUO Jun, WANG Ke-hua. Genetic Studies on Age at the First Egg in Chicken: A Review[J]. , 2015, 42(4): 997-1003.

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