呼和浩特近郊奶牛乳样体细胞分与乳成分相关性分析

›› 2013, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 191-196.

呼和浩特近郊奶牛乳样体细胞分与乳成分相关性分析

黄春华¹, 呼格吉勒图¹, 葛根¹, 侯荣伦², 白俊生², 小亮², 哈斯苏荣³

1. 内蒙古自治区家畜改良工作站, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010010;
2. 内蒙古天和荷斯坦牧业有限公司, 内蒙古呼和浩特 011500;
3. 内蒙古农业大学兽医学院, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010018

收稿日期:2012-06-13 出版日期:2013-01-20 发布日期:2013-01-14
通讯作者: 呼格吉勒图(1965-),男,内蒙古人,硕士,研究员,从事反刍家畜遗传育种与家畜改良研究。E-mail:Gehu1000@163.com;Tel:0471-4663405 E-mail:Gehu1000@163.com
作者简介:黄春华(1968-),女,内蒙古人,硕士,高级畜牧师,研究方向:家畜遗传育种。
基金资助:
内蒙古奶牛DHI测定中心建设项目(2007-A2151-150123-B0101-001)。

Correlation Analysis of Somatic Cell Score and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows in Near Hohhot

HUANG Chun-hua¹, HUGE Ji-letu¹, GE Gen¹, HOU Rong-lun², BAI Jun-sheng², XIAO Liang², HASI Su-rong³

1. Livestock Improvement Workstation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010010, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Tianhehesitan Livestock Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011500, China;
3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Received:2012-06-13 Online:2013-01-20 Published:2013-01-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在研究呼和浩特近郊两个奶牛场荷斯坦奶牛体细胞数(somatic cell count,SCC)变化规律及体细胞分(somatic cell score,SCS)与乳成分的相关性。试验按常规方法采集奶样,并借助Bentley FTS/FCM 400 Combi奶牛生产性能测定仪测定奶样,然后对所得数据用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果显示,奶牛各胎次中SCC在第1胎时最低(P<0.01),在第7胎时最高(P<0.01);随着泌乳天数的增加奶样SCC亦明显增加;奶样SCC<100×10³/mL到SCC>1000×10³/mL的过度中,奶牛日产奶量和奶样乳糖含量明显降低(P<0.01),分别降低了6.07 kg(22.97%)和0.40%(8.06%),而奶样乳脂率和乳蛋白率显著升高(P<0.01),分别增加了0.32%(8.31%)和0.26%(8.05%)。秋、冬季奶样乳脂率要明显高于春、夏季奶样乳脂率(P<0.01),秋季奶样乳蛋白率最高,春季奶样乳蛋白率最低;春季奶样乳糖含量最高,秋、冬季奶样乳糖含量相对较低;冬季奶样SCC最高,而秋季奶样SCC则最低。SCS与日产奶量(-0.172)和乳糖含量(-0.283)之间存在极显著负相关(P<0.01),SCS与乳脂率(0.034)和乳蛋白率(0.111)之间存在极显著正相关(P<0.01)。因此,随着胎次增高,SCC有逐渐升高趋势;随着SCC的升高,日产奶量和乳糖含量有降低趋势,而乳脂率和乳蛋白率有升高趋势;季节对乳成分和SCC均有不同程度的影响;SCC对奶牛日产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖含量均有明显影响。

关键词: 荷斯坦奶牛; 体细胞数; 体细胞分; 乳成分; 奶牛牛群改良

Abstract: Measuring and analyzing the somatic cell count(SCC) and milk composition of Holstein cows from two farms in Hohhot suburb, to study the variation of SCC in milk and the correlations between somatic cell score(SCS) and milk composition of Holstein cows. Collecting the milk sample with standard methods, and measuring the milk sample with Bentley FTS/FCM 400 Combi, and then analyzing the data statistically. The results showed that SCC was lowest in 1st parity(P<0.01) and highest in 7th parity(P<0.01); SCC in the early stage of lactation was lower than middle and late stages of lactation(P<0.05); while SCC from lower 100×10³/mL to higher 1000×10³/mL, the milk yield and the content of lactose were statistically significant(P<0.01) decreased about 6.07 kg(22.97%) and 0.40%(8.06%), the content of fat and the content of protein  wre statistically significant(P<0.01) increased about 0.32%(8.31%) and 0.26%(8.05%). The content of fat in autumn and winter were statistically significant(P<0.01) higher than the content of fat in spring and summer, the content of protein was the highest in autumn and the lowest in spring(P<0.01), the content of lactose was the highest in spring(P<0.01) and lower in autumn and winter. SCC was the highest in winter and the lowest in autumn(P<0.01), the whole year average showed statistically significant(P<0.01) positive correlation between SCS and fat content(0.034) and protein content(0.111), and statistically significant(P<0.01) negative correlation between SCS and daily milk yield(-0.172) and lactose content(-0.283). Therefore, SCC tended to increase with advancing parity, the daily milk yield and lactose content tended to decrease with advancing SCC, the fat content tended to increase with advancing SCC, the milk composition and SCC were affected by the seasons differently, SCC significantly affected daily milk yield and the contents of milk fat, protein and lactose.

Key words: Holstein cows; SCC; SCS; milk composition; DHI

中图分类号:

S823.9⁺1

黄春华, 呼格吉勒图, 葛根, 侯荣伦, 白俊生, 小亮, 哈斯苏荣. 呼和浩特近郊奶牛乳样体细胞分与乳成分相关性分析[J]. , 2013, 40(1): 191-196.

HUANG Chun-hua, HUGE Ji-letu, GE Gen, HOU Rong-lun, BAI Jun-sheng, XIAO Liang, HASI Su-rong. Correlation Analysis of Somatic Cell Score and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows in Near Hohhot[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2013, 40(1): 191-196.

参考文献

1 白瑞景,孙少华,马亚宾.乳中体细胞数或体细胞评分变化规律及其与乳成分的关系研究[J].畜牧与兽医,2010,42(12):79~81.
2 李世平,毛永江,常虹,等.南方地区中国荷斯坦牛乳中体细胞变化规律的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2008,44(3):7~9.
3 邱昌功.奶牛生产性能测定(DHI)中常见问题的分析及应对措施[A].2010中国牛业进展[C].2010.
4 何立荣,李爱华,陈志强,等.宁夏地区奶牛不同饲养模式生鲜乳成分及收购状况调查[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2012(5):57~59.
5 周振峰,王加启,陈绍祜,等.我国规模牛场奶牛个体生鲜乳乳蛋白水平及影响因素探讨[J].中国奶牛,2011(16):29~35.
6 周振峰,王加启,陈绍祜,等.我国规模牛场奶牛个体生鲜乳体细胞数水平及影响因素探析[J].中国奶牛,2011(12):21~28.
7 Babink D,Podgorsek P.Sestava mleka kot pokazatelj prehranskih napak pri krabah molznicah[A]. 11th Conference on nutrition of domestic animals[C],2002.
8 Berning L,Shook G E.Prediction of mastitis using milk somatic cell count and N-Acety-(bete) -D-Glucosamini-dase and lactose[J].J Dairy Sci,1994,75(7):1840~1848.
9 Bielfeldt J C,Badertscher K H,Krieter J,et al.Factors influencing somatic cell score in Swiss dairy production systems[J].Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd,2004,146(12):555~560.
10 Erdem H,Atasever S,Kul E.A study on somatic cell count of jersey cows[J].Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,2010,5(4):253~259.
11 Gajdusek S.Impact of mastitis infection on production,quality,composition and technological parameters of milk[J].Proceeding of the Seminar Rapotin,1996,5(16):27.
12 Gencurova V,Hanus O.The effect of season on the composition of individual samples of cow milk with a focus on nitrogen fractions[J].Vyzkum V Chovu Scotu,1997,39(1):11~15.
13 Hanus O,Gabriel B.The effect of lactation stage and order on lactose content in milk with respect to the health of mammary gland[J].Zivocisna Vyroba,1991,36(10):817~823.
14 Hanus O,Nechvatal R,Gencurova V, et al.Lactose and descruptions to mammary gland secretions of cows in testing of milk production characteristics[J].Vyzkum V Chovu Scotu,1994,36(3):12~17.
15 Juozaitiene V, Juozaitis A, Micikeviciene R.Relationship between somatic cell count and milk production or morphological traits of udder in Black-and-White cows[J].Turk J Vet Anim Sci,2006,30:47~51.
16 Kitchen B J. Milk compositional changes and related diagnostic tests[J].Review of the Progress of Dairy Science,1981,48:167~188.
17 Klaas I C,Enevoldsen C,Vaarst M,et al.Systematic clinical examinations for identification of latent udder health types in Danish dairy herds[J].J Dairy Sci,2004,87(5):1217~1228.
18 Klinkon M,Zadnik T,Nemec M.The impact of breeding,breed,successive lactation,stage of lactation,season and somatic cell count on basic milk components[J].Slovenian Veterinary Research,2000,37(4):197~208.
19 Lyatuu E T,Eastridge M L.Nutritional factors affecting milk production,milk composition,milk urea nitrogen and plasma urea nitrogen.Research and Reviews:Dairy, 2003.
20 Nicholas C D, Auldist M J, Molan P C,et al.Effects of stage of lactation and time of year on plasmin-derived proteolytic activity in bovine milk in New Zealand[J].Journal of Dairy Research,2002,69:533~540.
21 Oudah E Z M.Phenotypic relationships among somatic cell count,milk urea content,test-day milk yield and protein percent in dairy cattle[J].Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2008, 20(8):132.
22 Paura L,Kairisha D,Jonkus D.Repeatability of milk productivity traits[J].Veterinarijair Zootehnika,2002,19(41):90~93.
23 Ptak E, Jagusiak W, Zarnecki A,et al.Relationship between somatic cell score and udder conformation traits in polish Holstein-friesian cows[J].Ann Anim Sci,2009,9(3):237~241.
24 Rajcevic M, Potocnik K, Levstek J.Correlations between somatic cells count and milk composition with regard to the season[J].Agriculture Conspectus Scientificus,2003, 68(3):221~226.
25 Sawa A,Piwczynski D.Somatic cell count and milk yield and composition in Black and White Holstein-friezian cows[J].Medycyna Weterynaryjna,2002,58(8):636~640.

[1]	张积荣, 张国庆, 甫拉提江·艾力皮别克. 补喂酵母培养物对泌乳母马产奶量、乳成分及血液生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(8): 3410-3416.
[2]	曾治钦, 娄文琦, 许静漪, 马烨桦, 张永福, 任小丽, 陈少侃, 闫磊, 郭刚, 张震, 王雅春. 泌乳期中国荷斯坦牛转化孕酮浓度的影响因素分析及其表型预测[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 186-197.
[3]	付琪, 余厚默, 张海亮, 许静漪, 胡羽飏, 段禹交, 周月玲, 黄思琪, 张亚一, 郭刚, 俞英, 王雅春. 荷斯坦奶牛牛嘴宽度影响因素分析及遗传参数估计[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 230-237.
[4]	李畅洋, 高炳南, 任雨龙, 张昊, 孙瑜, 魏笑, 王秋菊. 牛瘤胃微生物的分离鉴定与生化特性分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(5): 1757-1764.
[5]	马龙刚, 安涛, 张海亮, 竹磊, 王磊, 宁景扬, 王炎, 郭刚, 黄锡霞, 王雅春. 荷斯坦奶牛休息时间的群体特征及影响因素分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(9): 3323-3331.
[6]	王欢, 朱化彬, 李俊良, 邹惠影, 赵善江. 利用Tild-CRISPR/Cas9定点编辑荷斯坦种公牛的无角Pc位点[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(9): 3343-3353.
[7]	杨茜梓, 伍树松, 胡睿智, 严佳豪, 袁旭鹏, 贺建华. 妊娠后期补充β-胡萝卜素对母猪乳成分和肠道菌群的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(7): 2378-2387.
[8]	吴昊, 姚松阳, 宋玉坤, 马慧, 郭刚, 王天坤, 李秀波, 路永强, 张鲁, 刘国世. 褪黑素对荷斯坦奶牛妊娠率及生殖激素的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(7): 2523-2529.
[9]	罗治杰, 马露, 卜登攀, 秦霞. 瘤胃发酵产物乙酸和丙酸比对奶牛生产性能及乳成分影响的荟萃分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(5): 1613-1624.
[10]	何宗龙, 侯晨曦, 洪文娟, 姚力丹, 依明·苏来曼, 白永胜, 决肯·阿尼瓦什. 和田多胎红羊泌乳规律初步研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(4): 1334-1342.
[11]	宋真, 赵善江, 李来宝, 许慧韬, 朱化彬. 影响荷斯坦奶牛产犊间隔的因素及其研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(3): 982-990.
[12]	曾鑫, 王琬婷, 藏赛鸽, 岳子婷, 罗军, 李聪. 影响西农萨能奶山羊产奶性状的非遗传因素分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(2): 554-562.
[13]	陈伶慧, 张文婷, 申祥, 张伟, 郭利亚, 张子敬, 徐萍, 白跃宇, 张晓建. 中国荷斯坦奶牛CCR5基因克隆、生物信息学及表达分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(12): 4372-4381.
[14]	李海强, 杨大盛, 卢琦, 汤少勋. 2种奶牛隐性乳房炎检测方法比较[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(8): 2677-2683.
[15]	王亚男, 冯曼, 周英昊, 毛森, 邱殿锐, 郭建军, 李素霞, 王洪彬. 冀北寒区秋冬季节荷斯坦奶牛产奶性能及血液常规指标的变化规律研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(4): 1282-1288.