褪黑素对荷斯坦奶牛妊娠率及生殖激素的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.07.028

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (7): 2523-2529.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.07.028

褪黑素对荷斯坦奶牛妊娠率及生殖激素的影响

吴昊¹, 姚松阳¹, 宋玉坤², 马慧³, 郭刚³, 王天坤⁴, 李秀波⁵, 路永强⁶, 张鲁¹, 刘国世¹

1. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193;
2. 新疆农业大学动物科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
3. 北京首农食品集团有限公司, 北京 100029;
4. 北京市昌平区动物疫病预防控制中心, 北京 102200;
5. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 北京 100081;
6. 北京市畜牧兽医总站, 北京 100012

收稿日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2021-07-20 发布日期:2021-07-15
通讯作者: 刘国世 E-mail:gshliu@cau.edu.cn
作者简介:吴昊(1992-),男,河北承德人,博士生,研究方向:动物繁育与胚胎生物工程,E-mail:18800160525@163.com
基金资助:
北京市科委项目（Z181100009318014）；奶牛产业体系北京市创新团队项目（BAIC06-21）；国家自然科学基金重点项目（31830091）

Effects of Melatonin on Pregnancy Rate and Reproductive Hormone in Holstein Dairy Cows

WU Hao¹, YAO Songyang¹, SONG Yukun², MA Hui³, GUO Gang³, WANG Tiankun⁴, LI Xiubo⁵, LU Yongqiang⁶, ZHANG Lu¹, LIU Guoshi¹

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
3. Beijing Shounong Food Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100029, China;
4. Beijing Changping District Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102200, China;
5. Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
6. Beijing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Beijing 100012, China

Received:2020-11-09 Online:2021-07-20 Published:2021-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在探明皮下注射褪黑素（MT）对荷斯坦奶牛配种妊娠率及血清生殖激素的影响。用计步器法确定自然发情的首次配种荷斯坦奶牛150头，对其中70头进行颈部皮下肌内注射褪黑素30 mg，12 h后进行人工输精；选择170头产后首次配种的荷斯坦奶牛进行同期排卵-定时输精处理，其中90头荷斯坦奶牛最后一次注射促性腺激素释放激素（gonadotropin-releasing hormone，GnRH）的同时进行颈部皮下肌内注射褪黑素30 mg，16 h后进行人工输精。在进行二次配种的荷斯坦奶牛中选择153只进行皮下注射褪黑素。荷斯坦奶牛输精后20~35 d进行妊娠检查，详细记录首次配种妊娠母牛头数、二次配种妊娠母牛头数、产犊数。选取同期排卵-定时输精的荷斯坦奶牛25头，皮下注射褪黑素8 h后用放射免疫法检测其血清中褪黑素、促卵泡素（FSH）、促黄体素（LH）、雌二醇（E₂）的含量及35 d妊检时妊娠母牛血清中孕酮（P₄）含量。结果显示，与自然发情和同期排卵对照组相比，其对应的皮下注射褪黑素组荷斯坦奶牛的妊娠率及产犊率均显著提高（P<0.05）；皮下注射褪黑素组的双犊率显著提高（P<0.05），首次配种妊娠率和产犊率均显著提高（P<0.05），二次配种妊娠率和产犊率均差异不显著（P>0.05）。血清激素检测结果表明，与对照组相比，皮下注射褪黑素组血清中褪黑素、LH、E₂含量均显著增加（P<0.05）；35 d妊检时，皮下注射褪黑素的妊娠母牛P₄含量显著增加（P<0.05）。本试验结果表明，皮下注射褪黑素能够提高荷斯坦奶牛的妊娠率、产犊率及血清中LH、E₂和P₄含量，说明皮下注射褪黑素能够促进卵母细胞成熟和排卵，并提高配种妊娠率。

关键词: 褪黑素; 荷斯坦奶牛; 同期排卵-定时输精; 促性腺激素释放激素; 妊娠率

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin (MT) on the pregnancy rate and serum reproductive hormones in Holstein dairy cows.A total of 150 first mating Holstein dairy cows with natural estrus were determined by pedometer method.Among them,70 cows were injected with 30 mg melatonin subcutaneously in the neck,and artificial insemination was performed 12 h later.170 Holstein dairy cows were selected for the first time of postpartum mating for the treatment of simultaneous ovulation and timing insemination.Among them,90 Holstein dairy cows were injected with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and 30 mg melatonin subcutaneously and intramuscularly at the same time.Artificial insemination was carried out 16 h later.153 Holstein dairy cows were selected for subcutaneous injection of melatonin.Pregnancy examination was carried out 20~35 d after insemination.The number of cows in the first mating and second mating and the number of calves were recorded in detail.25 Holstein dairy cows with simultaneous ovulation and timing insemination were selected,8 h after subcutaneous injection of melatonin,the contents of melatonin,follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E₂) in the serum were detected by radioimmunoassay,and the content of progesterone (P₄) in the serum of pregnant cows at 35 d was detected.The results showed that compared with control group of natural estrus and synchronous ovulation,the pregnancy rate and calving rate of Holstein dairy cow of the corresponding subcutaneous injection of melatonin group were significantly increased (P<0.05),the double calving rate of the subcutaneous injection of melatonin group was significantly increased (P<0.05),the pregnancy rate and calving rate of the first mating were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the pregnancy rate and calving rate of the second mating were not significantly different (P>0.05).The results of serum hormone showed that compared with control group,the levels of melatonin,LH and E₂ in the serum of the subcutaneous injection melatonin group were significantly increased (P<0.05),the content of P₄ in the pregnant cows with subcutaneous injection melatonin was significantly increased after 35 d of pregnancy examination (P<0.05).The results showed that subcutaneous injection of melatonin could improve the pregnancy rate,calving rate and serum LH,E₂ and P₄ contents of Holstein dairy cows,indicating that subcutaneous injection of melatonin could promote oocyte maturation and ovulation,and improve the pregnancy rate of breeding.

Key words: melatonin; Holstein dairy cow; synchronous-ovulation and timed artificial insemination; gonadotropin-releasing hormone; pregnancy rate

中图分类号:

S823

吴昊, 姚松阳, 宋玉坤, 马慧, 郭刚, 王天坤, 李秀波, 路永强, 张鲁, 刘国世. 褪黑素对荷斯坦奶牛妊娠率及生殖激素的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(7): 2523-2529.

WU Hao, YAO Songyang, SONG Yukun, MA Hui, GUO Gang, WANG Tiankun, LI Xiubo, LU Yongqiang, ZHANG Lu, LIU Guoshi. Effects of Melatonin on Pregnancy Rate and Reproductive Hormone in Holstein Dairy Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(7): 2523-2529.

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褪黑素对荷斯坦奶牛妊娠率及生殖激素的影响

Effects of Melatonin on Pregnancy Rate and Reproductive Hormone in Holstein Dairy Cows

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