补喂酵母培养物对泌乳母马产奶量、乳成分及血液生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.08.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在探究补喂不同水平酵母培养物对泌乳母马产奶量、乳成分及血液生化指标的影响,以期为开发和使用饲料添加剂提高母马泌乳能力提供参考依据。【方法】选取8 h平均泌乳量为(2.65±0.34) kg、胎次和产驹日期相近、泌乳2月的伊犁马母马18匹,随机分为3组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组。其中,对照组马纯放牧饲养,试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组在此基础上,分别补喂45和60 g/(d·匹)酵母培养物,预饲5 d后进行为期60 d的补喂试验。在正饲期前(记为第0天)、第30和60天(每天11:00、13:00、15:00、17:00),在每次挤奶时分别称量每匹马的挤奶量,并采集全天的乳样测定乳中乳蛋白、乳脂、乳糖、非脂固形物;于试验第60天晨饲前空腹采集血液样品,测定总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLB)、白蛋白(ALB)、尿酸(UA)、葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆红素(T-Bil)等指标。【结果】①第0天时,各组之间产奶量均无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。第30天,试验Ⅱ组马产奶量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);第60天,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组马产奶量分别显著提高了19.33%和27.30%(P＜0.05)。②第0和30天,各组之间乳蛋白率、乳脂率、乳糖率及非脂固形物含量均无显著性差异(P＞0.05);第60天,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组乳脂率分别显著提高了30.89%、35.77%(P＜0.05),试验Ⅱ组非脂固形物含量显著提高了1.90%(P＜0.05)。③与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组血浆中TP、ALB、GLB、UA、GLU、TG和T-Bil含量均无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。【结论】给泌乳母马补喂酵母培养物可以提高产奶量,改善乳成分质量,且补喂60 g/(d·匹)酵母培养物时效果较佳,但对血液生化指标没有显著影响。

关键词: 伊犁马; 产奶量; 乳成分; 血液生化指标

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment aimed to explore the effects of supplementing different levels of yeast culture on milk production,milk composition,and blood biochemical indicators of lactating mares,in order to provide reference for the development and use of feed additives to improve mare lactation ability.【Method】 Eighteen Yili mares with an average milk production of (2.65±0.34) kg,similar parity and delivery date,and lactation for two months were selected and randomly divided into three groups:Control group,experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ.Among them,the control group was raised by pure grazing,while the experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were supplemented with 45 and 60 g/(d·horse) of yeast culture on this basis.After pre feeding for 5 days,a 60 day supplementation experiment was conducted.Before the feeding period (recorded as day 0),on the 30th and 60th days (11:00,13:00,15:00,and 17:00 each day),the milking amount of each horse was measured during each milking,and milk samples from the whole day were collected to determine milk protein,milk fat,lactose,and non-fat solids in the milk.On the 60th day of the experiment,blood samples were collected on an empty stomach before feeding,and total protein (TP),globulin (GLB),albumin (ALB),uric acid (UA),glucose (GLU),triglycerides (TG),total bilirubin (T-Bil) and other indicators were measured. 【Result】 ①On day 0,there was no significant difference in milk production among the three groups (P＞0.05).On the 30th day,the milk production of experimental group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of control group (P＜0.05).On the 60th day,compared with control group,the milk production of experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased by 19.33% and 27.30%,respectively (P＜0.05).② On days 0 and 30,there were no significant differences in percentage of milk protein,milk fat,lactose,and non-fat solids content among the three groups (P＞0.05).On the 60th day,compared with control group,the milk fat of experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased by 30.89% and 35.77%,respectively (P＜0.05),and the non-fat solids of experimental group Ⅱ was significantly increased by 1.90% (P＜0.05).③ Compared with control group,there was no significant difference in the levels of TP,ALB,GLB,UA,GLU,TG,and T-Bil in plasma of experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】 Supplementing lactating mares with yeast culture could increase milk production and improve the quality of milk components.The effect was better when supplemented with 60 g/(d·horse) yeast culture,but it had no significant effect on biochemical indicators in the blood.

Key words: Yili horse; milk production; milk composition; blood biochemical indicators

中图分类号:

S821.5

张积荣, 张国庆, 甫拉提江·艾力皮别克. 补喂酵母培养物对泌乳母马产奶量、乳成分及血液生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(8): 3410-3416.

ZHANG Jirong, ZHANG Guoqing, Bolatjan·Alipbek. The Effect of Supplementing Yeast Culture on Milk Production,Milk Composition and Blood Biochemical Indicators in Lactating Mares[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(8): 3410-3416.

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