灌服黄芪多糖对奶牛产奶量、免疫性能及抗氧化性能的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.10.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究黄芪多糖(APS)对奶牛产奶量、免疫功能及抗氧化性能的影响。【方法】选取体况良好,体重、产奶量、泌乳天数、胎次接近的中国荷斯坦奶牛44头,随机分为对照组(CK)及APS20、APS55和APS90组,每组11头。所有试验牛均饲喂基础饲粮。对照组灌服温水200 mL,试验组分别灌服20、55、和90 g/d的APS溶液200 mL,预试期10 d,正试期60 d。正试期内,每10 d统计1次产奶量;于正试期的第0、30、60天采集乳样,测定乳中体细胞数(SCC);于正试期第0、30、60天晨饲前,采集奶牛尾根静脉血样,测定血清中相关免疫指标、抗氧化指标。【结果】在试验全期,各组产奶量均差异不显著(P＞0.05)。在体细胞数方面,与CK组相比,第30和60天时,APS55组体细胞评分(SCS)均显著降低(P＜0.05),APS20和APS90组SCS在各时间点均差异不显著(P＞0.05),且APS90组极显著高于APS55组(P＜0.01)。在免疫指标方面,与CK组相比,第30天时,APS20组血清中白细胞介素2(IL-2)含量显著增加(P＜0.05),APS55与APS90组血清中IL-2含量极显著增加(P＜0.01);第60天时,APS20、APS55和APS90组血清中IL-2含量均极显著增加(P＜0.01),且APS55与APS90组IL-2含量极显著高于APS20组(P＜0.01);第60天时,APS55组血清中IL-6含量显著增加(P＜0.05)。在抗氧化指标方面,与CK组相比,第30、60天时,APS20、APS55和APS90组血清中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均极显著增加(P＜0.01);第60天时,ASP90组血清中丙二醛(MDA)浓度显著降低(P＜0.05),APS20、APS55和APS90组血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均显著增加(P＜0.05),APS55和APS90组血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)极显著增加(P＜0.01),且显著高于APS20组(P＜0.05)。【结论】55 g/d APS可以提高奶牛免疫功能、抗氧化能力,并且降低乳中体细胞数,结果为APS在奶牛生产应用提供参考。

关键词: 黄芪多糖; 产奶量; 体细胞评分; 免疫; 抗氧化

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS)on milk yield,immune function and antioxidant performance of dairy cows.【Method】 Forty-four Chinese Holstein dairy cows with good body condition,similar body weight,milk yield,lactation days and parity were randomly divided into control group(CK),APS20,APS55 and APS90 groups,with 11 cows in each group.All experimental cattle were fed with basal diet.The control group was given 200 mL warm water,and the experimental groups were given 200 mL APS solution of 20,55 and 90 g/d,respectively,the pre-test period lasted for 10 days,and the formal test period lasted for 60 days.During the normal feeding period,milk yield was counted every 10 days.Milk samples were collected at 0,30th and 60th days of normal feeding period,and milk somatic cell count(SCC) was determined.The blood samples of tail root vein were collected before morning feeding on day 0,30th and 60th of normal feeding period,and the related immune indexes and antioxidant indexes in serum were determined.【Result】 During the whole experiment period,there was no significant difference in milk yield among all groups (P＞0.05).In terms of somatic cell count,compared with CK group,on the 30th and 60th days, the SCS of APS55 group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),the SCS of APS20 and APS90 groups had no significant difference at all time points (P＞0.05),and the SCS of APS90 group was significantly higher than APS55 group (P＜0.01).In terms of immune indicators,compared with CK group,on the 30th day,the serum IL-2 content in APS20 group was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the serum IL-2 contents in APS55 and APS90 groups were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).On the 60th day,the serum IL-2 contents in APS20,APS55 and APS90 groups were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01),and the IL-2 contents in APS55 and APS90 groups were extremely significantly higher than that in APS20 group (P＜0.01).On the 60th day,the serum IL-6 content of APS55 group was significantly increased (P＜0.05).In terms of antioxidant indexes,compared with CK group,serum CAT activity in APS20,APS55 and APS90 groups was extremely significantly increased on the 30th and 60th days (P＜0.01);On the 60th day,the serum MDA concentration in ASP90 group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),the serum GSH-Px concentration in APS20,APS55 and APS90 groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the serum T-AOC activity in APS55 and APS90 groups was extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01) and was significantly higher than that in APS20 group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 APS 55 g/d could improve immune function and antioxidant capacity of dairy cows,and reduce milk somatic cell count,the results provided references for the application of APS in dairy production.

Key words: Astragalus polysaccharide; milk yield; somatic cell score; immune; antioxidant

中图分类号:

S823.5

徐丽云, 郑梦荷, 许子豪, 牛高伟, 王永力, 邱辉, 吴宇轩, 金桐, 邵伟. 灌服黄芪多糖对奶牛产奶量、免疫性能及抗氧化性能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(10): 3819-3828.

XU Liyun, ZHENG Menghe, XU Zihao, NIU Gaowei, WANG Yongli, QIU Hui, WU Yuxuan, JIN Tong, SHAO Wei. Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharide Supplementation on Milk Yield,Immune and Antioxidant Performance of Dairy Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(10): 3819-3828.

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