妊娠后期补充β-胡萝卜素对母猪乳成分和肠道菌群的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.07.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在探究妊娠后期饲粮中添加β-胡萝卜素对母猪初乳、常乳成分及肠道菌群的影响，并揭示肠道菌群与乳成分之间的相关性。选取胎次相近的妊娠后期二元杂交母猪48头，随机分为3组，每组16个重复，分别饲喂添加0、30和90 mg/kg β-胡萝卜素的饲粮，试验从妊娠第90天开始到分娩后第14天结束。分娩当天采集母猪初乳和粪便样品，哺乳第14天采集母猪常乳样品。对初乳中免疫球蛋白（Ig）水平以及常乳中乳成分进行测定，粪便样品通过16S rRNA测序技术进行分析。结果显示：与对照组相比，饲粮添加β-胡萝卜素有提高母猪初乳中IgM的趋势（P=0.173），降低IgG的趋势（P=0.155）；添加30 mg/kg β-胡萝卜素显著提高了常乳中乳蛋白和尿素氮含量（P<0.05），同时降低了乳糖含量（P<0.05），而添加90 mg/kg β-胡萝卜素降低了常乳中总固体含量（P<0.05）。对粪便菌群进行分析发现，β-胡萝卜素上调了Eubacterium brachy group、Ruminococcaceae UCG009、Ruminococcaceae UCG014等菌群的丰度，下调了Candidatus Soleaferrea、Coprococcus 3、Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group等菌群的丰度。相关性分析表明，Coprococcus 3与初乳中IgM水平呈显著负相关（P<0.05），Fibrobacter与初乳中IgG、IgM水平呈显著正相关（P<0.05）；Lachnospiraceae NK4B4与常乳中乳蛋白和总固体含量呈显著正相关（P<0.05）；Ruminococcaceae UCG009与初乳中IgG水平呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。以上结果表明，β-胡萝卜素可通过调节肠道菌群影响母猪初乳及常乳的成分组成。

关键词: β-胡萝卜素; 肠道菌群; 免疫球蛋白; 乳成分

Abstract: This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of β-carotene on milk composition and correlated gut microbiota,to reveal the correlation between gut flora and milk composition.A total of 48 hybrid sows with similar parity were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups (each with 16 replicates) and fed with a diet containing 0,30 and 90 mg/kg β-carotene,respectively.The experiment peroid was from the 90th d of gestation to the 14th day after delivery.Colostrum and fecal samples were collected on the day of delivery,and normal milk samples were collected on the 14th day of lactation.Immunoglobulins (Ig) and other commponents were determined in colostrum and normal milk,while fecal microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing.The results showed that dietary supplementation of β-carotene had a tendency to increase the IgM level (P=0.173),but decrease IgG (P=0.155) in sow colostrum.Supplementation of 30 mg/kg β-carotene significantly increased the lactoprotein and urea nitrogen content (P<0.05),but reduced the lactose content (P<0.05) in ordinary milk,while 90 mg/kg β-carotene significantly reduced the total solids content in ordinary milk (P<0.05).Analysis of the fecal microbiota revealed that β-carotene up-regulated the relative abundance of microbial genera such as Eubacterium brachy group,Ruminococcaceae UCG009 and Ruminococcaceae UCG014,but down-regulated the relative abundance of Candidatus Soleaferrea,Coprococcus 3,Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group and other flora.Correlation analysis showed that there had a negative correlation between Coprococcus 3 and the IgM level in colostrum (P<0.05),while Fibrobacter was positively correlated with IgG and IgM in colostrum (P<0.05).Moreover,Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 was positively correlated with the lactoprotein level and total solids content in ordinary milk (P<0.05),while Ruminococcaceae UCG009 had a negative correlation with the IgG level in colostrum (P<0.05).These data indicated that β-carotene may affect the composition of colostrum and ordinary milk by regulating gut microbiota in sows.

Key words: β-carotene; gut microbiota; immunoglobulin; milk composition

中图分类号:

S816.7

杨茜梓, 伍树松, 胡睿智, 严佳豪, 袁旭鹏, 贺建华. 妊娠后期补充β-胡萝卜素对母猪乳成分和肠道菌群的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(7): 2378-2387.

YANG Xizi, WU Shusong, HU Ruizhi, YAN Jiahao, YUAN Xupeng, HE Jianhua. Effects of Dietary Supplementation of β-carotene During Late Pregnancy on Milk Composition and Gut Microbiota in Sows[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(7): 2378-2387.

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