小承气散对便秘母猪肠道菌群的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.04.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究小承气散对便秘母猪肠道微生物菌群的影响,探讨其改善便秘的机制。【方法】选取27头经产二元母猪(大白猪×长白猪,3~5胎),依据排便情况分为健康对照组、便秘组和试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复3头。健康对照组和便秘组正常饲喂,试验组按60 g/(头·d)的剂量在饲料中添加小承气散,每天1次,连续3 d,第4天采集各组母猪新鲜粪便样品,提取微生物基因组总DNA,采用Illumina MiSeq测序技术检测样品微生物群落多样性。【结果】便秘组母猪粪便中微生物菌群发生显著改变,与健康对照组和试验组的Simpson指数差异显著(P＜0.05)。在门水平上,与健康对照组相比,便秘组母猪肠道微生物中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)显著减少(P＜0.05),变形菌门(Proteobacteria)极显著增加(P＜0.01);与便秘组相比,试验组母猪肠道微生物中拟杆菌门显著增加(P＜0.05),厚壁菌门有增加的趋势(P＞0.05),变形菌门极显著减少(P＜0.01)。在属水平上,与健康对照组相比,便秘组母猪肠道微生物中乳杆菌(Lactobacillus)和普雷沃菌属(Prevotella)极显著减少(P＜0.01),梭菌属ⅪVa (Clostridium_ⅪVa)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)和毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)显著减少(P＜0.05),不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)和埃希氏杆菌属-志贺氏杆菌(Escherichia_Shigella)极显著增加(P＜0.01),梭状芽孢杆菌属(Clostridium_sensu_stricto)和罗姆布茨菌属(Romboutsia)显著增加(P＜0.05);与便秘组相比,试验组母猪肠道微生物中普雷沃菌属极显著增加(P＜0.01),毛螺菌科显著增加(P＜0.05),不动杆菌属极显著降低(P＜0.01);粪便中乙酸、丁酸和丙酸含量显著提高(P＜0.05)。【结论】小承气散可改善便秘母猪肠道微生物结构,提高肠道短链脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs)含量,使肠道微生物达到新的平衡。

关键词: 小承气散; 便秘母猪; 肠道菌群; 短链脂肪酸

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to understand the effect of Xiaochengqi powder on the intestinal microbiota of sows with constipation and investigate the mechanism of Xiaochengqi powder to alleviate constipation.【Method】 A total of 27 bi-crossbreeding sows (Yorkshire×Landrace,3-5 fetal periods) were selected and divided into healthy control group,constipation group and experimental group according to fecal conditions,each group had 3 replicates and each replicate had 3 pigs.The pigs in healthy control group and pigs in constipation group were given normal diets,and experimental group were added Xiaochengqi powder to the diet (60 g/(head·d)) once daily for three consecutive days.The fresh fecal samples of each group were collected on the fourth day,and the total DNA of the microbial genome was extracted.The microbial community diversity of the samples was detected using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology.【Result】 The microbial flora in the feces of constipation group was significantly changed,and the Simpson index was significantly different from healthy control group and experimental group (P＜0.05).At the phylum level,there was a significant decrease in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes (P＜0.05) and extremely significant increase in Proteobacteria (P＜0.01) in the gut microbiome of the sows in constipation group compared to healthy control group.Compared with constipation group,Bacteroidetes were significantly increased (P＜0.05),and Firmicutes had on increating tendency (P>0.05), and Proteobacteria were extremely significantly reduced (P＜0.01) in experimental group.At the genus level,Lactobacillus and Prevotella were extremely significantly decreased (P＜0.01),Clostridium_ⅪVa,Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),while Acinetobacter and Escherichia_Shigella were extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01),Clostridium_sensu_stricto and Romboutsia were both significantly increased (P＜0.05) in the intestinal microbiome of sows in constipation group compared to healthy control group.In experimental group,there was an extremely significant increase in Prevotella (P＜0.01),a significant increase in Lachnospiraceae (P＜0.05),and an extremely significant decrease in Acinetobacter compared to constipation group (P＜0.01).Acetic acid,butyric acid,and propionic acid concentrations in the stools of sows in experimental group were all be considerably increased compared to constipation group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Xiaochengqi powder might enhance the intestinal microbiome structure of sows with constipation,increase the amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestine,and accomplish a new balance of intestinal microorganisms.

Key words: Xiaochengqi powder; constipation sows; intestinal microbial community; short-chain fatty acids

中图分类号:

S859.3

李旭廷, 王斌, 李思聪, 李金良, 梁歌. 小承气散对便秘母猪肠道菌群的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(4): 1675-1683.

LI Xuting, WANG Bin, LI Sicong, LI Jinliang, LIANG Ge. Effect of Xiaochengqi Powder on Intestinal Microbial Community in Constipation Sow[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(4): 1675-1683.

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