柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官和肠道形态的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.03.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)感染对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官及盲肠肠道形态结构的影响。【方法】7个半同胞家系黄羽肉鸡在感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫后，根据球虫敏感性指标筛选出抗性和易感家系，组成抗性组和易感组，分别在感染期和恢复期比较分析不同抗性组间的生产性能、免疫器官和肠道形态结构的差异。【结果】无论是感染期还是恢复期，抗性与易感鸡平均体重和平均日增重均极显著低于对照组(P＜0.01)，料重比均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。在感染的不同时期，抗性组、易感组和对照组鸡胸腺、脾脏等7种免疫器官指数均差异不显著(P＞0.05)，但恢复期免疫器官指数高于感染期。此外，感染期抗性组与易感组鸡均出现盲肠黏膜坏死，肌层不完整、断裂等病理变化，易感组鸡盲肠上皮可见球虫配子；而恢复期抗性组鸡盲肠组织结构逐渐恢复至正常，易感组鸡盲肠组织各层结构仍呈现明显变性或坏死。【结论】无论处于感染期还是恢复期，感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫后抗性或易感鸡的生产性能均降低且肠道形态发生改变，但处于恢复期时，抗性鸡能逐渐恢复至健康状态，而易感鸡盲肠则出现不可逆的损伤。本研究结果为深入探究柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染恢复后对鸡的生产性能和肠道的影响提供了参考。

关键词: 柔嫩艾美耳球虫; 黄羽肉鸡; 抗性; 生产性能; 肠道形态

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Eimeria tenella (E.tenella) infection on production performance,immune organs as well as cecum morphology and structure of Yellow-feathered broilers.【Method】 Seven half-sibling genealogies of Yellow-feathered broilers were screened for resistant and susceptible lines according to the coccidia susceptibility index after E.tenella infection to form resistant and susceptible groups,which were compared and analysed for differences in production performance,immune organs and intestinal morphology and structure between the different groups during the infected period and the recovery period,respectively.【Result】 The results showed that the average weight and daily gain of chickens in resistant and susceptible groups were extremely significantly lower than those of control group during E.tenella infection period and recovery period (P＜0.01),and the F/G was both extremely significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01). Seven immune and intestinal organ indices of chickens,including thymus and spleen and so on,had no significantly different among resistant,susceptible and control groups at different periods of infection (P＞0.05),but the immune organ indices were higher in the recovery period than those in the infection period.In addition,pathological changes such as necrosis of cecum mucosa,incomplete and broken muscle layer were observed in chickens in both resistant and susceptible groups during the infection period,and coccidian gametes could be seen in the epithelium of cecum of chickens in susceptible group,while resistant group’s tissue structure of cecum of chickens gradually recovered to normal during the recovery period,all layers of cecal tissue of chickens in susceptible group were still showing significant degeneration or necrosis.【Conclusion】 Both resistant and susceptible chickens showed reduced performance and altered intestinal morphology after infection with E.tenella,regardless of whether they were infected or recovered,but during the recovery period,resistant chickens were able to gradually return to a healthy state,whereas susceptible chickens showed irreversible damage to cecum.The results of the study provided a reference for delve into the effects of E.tenella infection on the production performance and intestinal tract of chickens in infection period and recovery period.

Key words: Eimeria tenella; Yellow-feathered broilers; resistance; production performance; intestinal morphology

中图分类号:

S855.9⁺1

董理月, 范作堃, 唐美慧, 汤建强, 于海亮, 张涛, 张跟喜, 谢恺舟, 赵振华, 戴国俊. 柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官和肠道形态的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(3): 1263-1271.

DONG Liyue, FAN Zuokun, TANG Meihui, TANG Jianqiang, YU Hailiang, ZHANG Tao, ZHANG Genxi, XIE Kaizhou, ZHAO Zhenhua, DAI Guojun. Effect of Eimeria tenella on Growth Performance,Immune Organs and Intestinal Morphology of Yellow-feathered Broilers[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(3): 1263-1271.

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