活性干酵母和纤维素酶对草原红牛瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸浓度及甲烷排放的影响

›› 2013, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 57-61.

活性干酵母和纤维素酶对草原红牛瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸浓度及甲烷排放的影响

班志彬¹, 张国梁², 杨华明², 香艳¹, 赵玉民²

1. 吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春 130118;
2. 吉林省农业科学院,吉林长春 130033

收稿日期:2012-08-20 出版日期:2013-02-20 发布日期:2013-02-06
通讯作者: 赵玉民(1965-),男,吉林人,研究员,博士生导师,研究方向:肉用反刍动物营养与繁育技术。E-mail:zhaoym-02-12@vip.163.com E-mail:zhaoym-02-12@vip.163.com
作者简介:班志彬(1983-),男,吉林人,硕士,研究方向:反刍动物营养。
基金资助:
国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-38)资助。

Effect of Active Dry Yeast and Cellulose Enzymes on the Concentration of Rumen VFA and Emission of Methane in Grassland Red Cattle

BAN Zhi-bin¹, ZHANG Guo-liang², YANG Hua-ming², XIANG Yan¹, ZHAO Yu-min²

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
2. Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China

Received:2012-08-20 Online:2013-02-20 Published:2013-02-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用大型动物开放式呼吸测热装置等设备,研究活性干酵母和纤维素酶对草原红牛瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸浓度及甲烷排放的影响。试验选用8月龄、体况相近的草原红牛公牛4头,采用4×4拉丁方试验设计分为4组:Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ组在基础日粮中添加200 mg/kg活性干酵母,Ⅲ组在基础日粮中添加190 mg/kg纤维素酶,Ⅳ组在基础日粮中添加200 mg/kg活性干酵母和190 mg/kg纤维素酶,试验分4期,每期37 d。结果表明,日粮中添加活性干酵母后,对瘤胃内丙酸浓度和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度影响显著(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ组总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和丙酸浓度显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05);活性干酵母显著抑制了草原红牛甲烷的产生(P<0.05),Ⅱ组甲烷排放量比Ⅰ组降低9.84%;纤维素酶对草原红牛瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸及甲烷排放的影响均不显著(P>0.05)。因此,日粮中添加活性干酵母能促进草原红牛瘤胃发酵,增加丙酸浓度,并显著降低甲烷排放,减少能量损失。

关键词: 活性干酵母; 纤维素酶; 草原红牛; 瘤胃发酵; 挥发性脂肪酸; 甲烷

Abstract: We utilized equipment of macrofauna open-type with respiration and calorimetric function to research effect of active dry yeast and cellulose enzymes on the concentration of rumen VFA and emission of methane in Grassland Red cattle. Four Grassland Red cattle with eight months,similar body condition were selected. We used 4×4 latin square method to complete this experiment. Group Ⅰ was fed the basal diet as the control group,group Ⅱ added 200 mg/kg active dry yeast in the basal diet,group Ⅲ added 190 mg/kg cellulose enzymes in the basal diet,group Ⅳ added 200 mg/kg active dry yeast and 190 mg/kg cellulose enzyme at the same time in the basal diet. The test was divided into four periods and every period included 37 days. The results showed that after adding active dry yeast in the diet, it had an obvious effect on concentration of propionic acid and total VFA (P<0.05).The concentration of total VFA and propionic acid in groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ had significant effect than that in groupsⅠand Ⅲ(P<0.05). Active dry yeast obviously restained the production of methane from Red Grassland cattle (P<0.05), emission of methane from group Ⅱ was 9.84% and lower than groupⅠ. The effect of cellulose enzymes on the concentration of rumen VFA and methane emission had no obviously difference (P>0.05). Therefore, active dry yeast could improve rumen fermentation, increase concentration of propionic acid, reduce emission of methane and energy loss from Grassland Red cattle.

Key words: active dry yeast; cellulose enzymes; Grassland Red cattle; rumen fermentation; volatile fatty acid (VFA); methane

中图分类号:

S816.7

班志彬, 张国梁, 杨华明, 香艳, 赵玉民. 活性干酵母和纤维素酶对草原红牛瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸浓度及甲烷排放的影响[J]. , 2013, 40(2): 57-61.

BAN Zhi-bin, ZHANG Guo-liang, YANG Hua-ming, XIANG Yan, ZHAO Yu-min. Effect of Active Dry Yeast and Cellulose Enzymes on the Concentration of Rumen VFA and Emission of Methane in Grassland Red Cattle[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2013, 40(2): 57-61.

参考文献

1 方俊,王涛.纤维素酶在奶牛日粮中的研究与应用[J].饲料博览,2003(8):34～36.
2 毛华明,张春霞.反刍动物甲烷排放量营养调控的研究进展[J].饲料研究,2009(8):57.
3 王小林,张丹凤,卜登攀,等.热应激对干奶期奶牛甲烷排放量的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(7):234～237.
4 王尚荣,王放银,何华西.纤维素酶渣替代黄豆饲喂杂交奶牛试验[J].中国草食动物,2005,25(2):45～47.
5 王照忠,晁生玉,尚有安.日粮中添加纤维素复合酶对奶牛乳脂率影响的试验报告[J].养殖与饲料,2007(10):69～71.
6 冯伟业,刘大程,卢德勋,等.不同品质粗饲料日粮及添加酵母培养物对绵羊瘤胃内主要纤维素酶及纤维物质降解的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(1):108～114.
7 龙玲,龚月生.应用酵母培养物调控瘤胃微生物区系研究进展[J].饲料工业,2002,23(11):26～29.
8 刘强,王聪,姜彬,等.益生酵母对奶牛泌乳性能及瘤胃发酵影响的研究[J].当代畜牧,2004(4):28～30.
9 张永根.瘤胃脲酶抑制剂氢醌对反刍动物作用的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2001.
10 张连忠.酵母及其培养物在奶牛生产中的应用[J].中国奶牛,2009(2):19～21.
11 李胜利,金鑫,范学珊,等.反刍动物生产与碳减排措施[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(1):2～9.
12 周怿,刁其玉.反刍动物瘤胃甲烷气体生产调控[J].草食家畜,2008(4):21～24.
13 姜艳美,王加启,邓露芳,等.酵母培养物对瘤胃发酵的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(1):92～97.
14 崔艳红,孟庆辉,王艳荣.饲用纤维索酶的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(15):3705～3707.
15 韩继福,冯仰廉,张晓明,等.阉牛不同日粮的纤维消化、瘤胃内挥发性脂肪酸对甲烷产生量的影响[J].中国兽医学报,1997,17(3):278～280.
16 甄玉国.饲用微生态制剂酵母培养物及其在反刍动物中的应用[J].饲料工业,2005,26(1):5～9.
17 Chaucheyras-Durand F,Massglia S,Fonty G. Effect of the microbial feed addtive Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM Ⅰ-1077 on protein and peptide degrading activities of rumen bacteria grown in vitro[J].Current Microbiology,2005,50(2):96～101.
18 Erwin E S,Marco G J,Emery E M.Volatile fatty acid analyses of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatography[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1961,44(9):1768～1771.
19 Eun J S,Beauchemin K A. Assessment of the efficacy of varying experimental exogenous fibrolytic enzymes using in vitro fermentation characeteristics[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2007,132(15):298～315.
20 Hristov A N,Ropp J K,Hunt C W. Effect of barley and its amylopectin content on ruminal fermentation and bacterial utilization of ammonia N in vitro[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2002,99(1):25～36.
21 Koul V, Kumar V, Sareen V K,et al. Mode of action yeast culture (YEA-SACC 1026) for stimulation of rumen fermentation in buffaio calves[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,1998,77(3):407～413.
22 Lila Z A,Mohammed N,Yasui T,et al. Effects of a twin strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae live cells on mixed ruminal microorganism fermentation in vitro[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(6):1847～1854.
23 Martin S A,Nisbet D J,Dean R G. Influence of a commercial yeast supplement on the in vitro ruminal fermentation[J].Nutrition Rep International,1989,40:395～403.
24 Miller W T,Hoover W H,Holt M,et al. Influence of yeast culture on ruminal microbial metabolism in continuous culture[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2002,85(8):2009～2014.
25 Muwalla M M,Haddad S G,Hijazeen M A. Effect of fibrolytic enzyme inclusion in high concentrate fattening diets in nutrient digestibility and growth performance of Awassi lambs[J].Livestock Science,2007,111(9):255～258.
26 Rode L M,Yang W Z,Beauchemin K A. Fibrolyic enzyme supplements for dairy cows in early lactation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1999,82(10):2121～2126.
27 Yang W Z,Beauchemin K A,Vedres D D. Effects of pH and fibrolytic enzymes on digestibility,bacterial protein synthesis,and fermentation in continuous culture[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2002,102(1～4):137～150.

[1]	赖秋爽, 黎凌铄, 李姝熠, 田维, 余青婷, 张康林, 李德鹏, 刘骏, 姜菲, 彭忠利, 吴建平, 黄艳玲. 不同蛋白质水平饲粮中添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸对牦牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵及养分表观消化率的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(4): 1567-1578.
[2]	刘朝乐门, 敖日格乐, 王纯洁, 斯木吉德, 陈浩. 全棉籽在反刍动物生产中的应用研究现状[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(4): 1651-1659.
[3]	刘拓, 成志强, 成喆, 臧长江, 南冰禹, 李韬, 李晓斌, 李云梦, 仇娅琪, 闫法钰, 吴海荣, 院东, 王永力, 刘文涛. 烟酰胺对泌乳期奶牛瘤胃发酵参数、微生物蛋白产量和微生物区系的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 593-604.
[4]	李若楠, 王昊天, 李和平, 刘智勇, 刘洋, 钟凯. 添加不同水平黑曲霉对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数、甲烷排放及微生物区系的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 624-635.
[5]	于天力, 何振莲, 韩怡静, 任靖宇, 夏呈强, 裴彩霞. 高精料饲粮中添加辣蓼对绵羊瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃菌群的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(1): 205-214.
[6]	杨双鸣, 田梅, 沈艳, 赵晓清, 王笠年, 王文倩, 赵晓莹, 徐晓锋, 张力莉. 复合菌和纤维素酶对花棒微贮营养价值的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(9): 3837-3846.
[7]	刘茵, 王志武, 赵鹏, 张丽, 郭宏宇, 王豪俊. 活性干酵母对晋岚绒山羊生长性能、屠宰性能及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(7): 2810-2822.
[8]	马小雪, 龙锐, 牛玉杰, 郭红勇, 罗瑞卿, 吴妍妍, 张文举. 围产期饲粮中添加异位酸对奶牛瘤胃发酵参数、瘤胃微生物和生产性能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(4): 1428-1437.
[9]	李炯奎, 金锡九, 耿凯, 任凤龙, 王鑫鸿, 耿春银, 金英海. 中草药和活性干酵母制剂对延边黄牛哺乳犊牛腹泻率及直肠菌群多样性的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(12): 5317-5324.
[10]	周颖, 王弘浩, 刘维平, 徐誉彰. 中草药水提物复合制剂对幼龄滩羊瘤胃发酵和细菌组成的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(11): 4743-4754.
[11]	申瑶, 薛夫光, 康雅洁, 熊本海, 杨亮. 柠条青贮对奶牛瘤胃发酵性能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(11): 4765-4773.
[12]	李高龙, 吴兆海, 赵连生, 卜登攀, 王建平. 反刍动物甲烷减排研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(11): 4812-4823.
[13]	靳亚星, 李璇玥, 李千一, 艾丽菲热·色提瓦力迪, 穆扎帕尔·吾买尔, 陈勇. 饲粮营养水平对多浪羊生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(10): 4343-4351.
[14]	李晓鹏, 高鹏翔, 蒋林树, 屠焰. 牛至精油缓解反刍动物瘤胃甲烷排放的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(1): 106-113.
[15]	赵志伟, 耿春银, 耿凯, 冯鑫, 张敏, 金英海. 中草药和活性干酵母制剂对延边黄牛哺乳犊牛生长性能及血液指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(9): 3613-3621.