›› 2010, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 153-157.

• 奶业专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

温湿度指数与奶牛生产性能的关系

薛白1, 王之盛1, 李胜利2, 王立志1, 王祖新1   

  1. (1.四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 雅安 625014; 2.中国农业大学动物科技学院, 北京 100193)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-03-20 发布日期:2010-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 王之盛

Temperature-humidity Index on Performance of Cows

XUE Bai1, WANG Zhi-sheng1, LI Sheng-li2, WANG Li-zhi1, WANG Zu-xin1   

  1. (1.Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014,China; 2.College of Animal Science and Technolgy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,China)
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-03-20 Published:2010-03-20
  • Contact: WANG Zhi-sheng

摘要: 本研究用温湿度指数(THI)为指标,探讨了奶牛生产性能随THI变化的全年动态关系。奶牛的直肠温度、呼吸频率和乳中体细胞数在THI小于68时保持相对平稳,超过68时开始大幅度上升,而采食量、产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率在THI小于70时保持相对平稳,超过70时开始大幅度下降。结果表明,只有当THI大于70时才会导致奶牛生产性能下降,THI每升高1个单位,产奶量下降0.4 kg。当THI从68上升到79时,THI每升高1个单位,乳脂率下降0.02%,乳蛋白率下降0.01%,体细胞数则上升2.77×104个/mL。奶牛生产性能指标、乳成分指标及乳中体细胞数与THI间均呈良好的三次曲线关系。因此,THI是用于评估温热环境对奶牛生产性能影响的一个有效且方便的指标。

关键词: 奶牛; 生产性能; 温湿度指数 

Abstract: Temperature-humidity index (THI) was used to evaluate the relationship between THI and annual dynamic of performance. Respiration rate, rectal temperature and somatic cell count (SCC) kept stable when THI lower than 68, and increased sharply after THI exceed 68. Dry mater intake, milk yield, milk fat and milk protein kept stable when THI was lower than 70, and decreased sharply after THI exceed 70. The results indicated that the performance of dairy cow begins decreasing only when THI exceed 70. The average milk yield decreased at 0.4 kg per unit increase in THI when THI > 72. Milk fat and protein declined at a rate of 0.02% and 0.01%, respectively, while SCC increased 2.77×104, for per unit increase in THI when THI increased from 68 to 79. All the parameters investigated above were cubically correlated to THI, with high fitness. THI was thus considered to be an efficient and convenient index for evaluating the effect of thermal environment on dairy cow performance. 

Key words: dairy cow; performance; temperature-humidity index

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