3～5月龄生长期湖羊母羔蛋白质需要量研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.05.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在确定生长期湖羊母羔的蛋白质需要量。【方法】试验选取生长期湖羊母羔36只，其中3、4、5月龄各12只，将不同月龄母羔随机分为3组，各组饲喂水平分别为自由采食(AL)、70%采食(AL70)、40%采食(AL40),每组4个重复，单栏饲养，试验期为45 d。试验期31～35 d采用全收粪尿法进行消化代谢试验，以探究生长期湖羊母羔蛋白质需要量。【结果】3、4、5月龄母羔的干物质采食量(DMI)和平均日增重(ADG)均随饲喂水平的下降而显著降低(P＜0.05)，因饲喂水平的降低，各月龄母羔的终末体重呈现下降趋势，但均无显著差异(P＞0.05)；饲喂水平的降低致使各月龄母羔的氮摄入量显著下降(P＜0.05)，进而各组母羔的粪氮和可消化氮含量亦显著降低(P＜0.05)。在以上试验结果的基础上通过拟合多元回归方程，获得3、4、5月龄湖羊母羔的采食量、蛋白质需要量预测方程。其中，3~5月龄湖羊母羔的粗蛋白质、可消化蛋白质、净蛋白质的维持需要量分别为9.10、5.60、2.80 g/(kg BW^0.75·d)；试验母羔每增重1 g，粗蛋白质、可消化蛋白质、净蛋白质需要量分别为0.194、0.113、0.088 g。当其日增重达100～300 g/d时，3～5月龄湖羊母羔生长粗蛋白质需要量为88.76～174.85 g/d，可消化蛋白质需要量为53.98～105.68 g/d，净蛋白质需要量为30.14～62.29 g/d。【结论】本试验条件下，生长期湖羊母羔蛋白质需要量与目前的绵羊推荐量有所差异，与羔羊品种、年龄、环境和营养水平等有关；本试验得到的预测方程可用于估算3～5月龄生长期湖羊母羔蛋白质需要量。

关键词: 湖羊; 生长母羔; 氮代谢; 蛋白质需要量; 预测模型

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to determine the protein requirements of ewe lambs of Hu sheep during growth period.【Method】 Thirty-six ewe lambs of Hu sheep in the growth stage were selected for the current trial,with 12 lambs at each of the ages of 3,4,and 5 months.The lambs of different ages were randomly divided into three groups,with feeding levels of ad libitum (AL),ad libitum 70% (AL70),and ad libitum 40% (AL40) for each group.Each group had four replicates and was raised in a single pen for 45 days.During the experimental period of 31-35 days,a digestion and metabolism trial was conducted using the full collection of feces and urine method to investigate the protein requirements of Hu sheep ewe lambs in growth period.【Result】 The dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily weight gain (ADG) of 3,4,and 5 month old ewe lambs significantly decreased with the decrease of feeding levels (P＜0.05).Due to the decrease of feeding levels,the final body weight of ewe lambs at each month showed a decreasing trend,but there was no significant difference (P＞0.05);The decrease in feeding level resulted in a significant decrease in nitrogen intake of ewe lambs at different ages (P＜0.05),and subsequently,the fecal nitrogen and digestible nitrogen content of ewe lambs in each group also decreased significantly (P＜0.05).On the basis of digestion and metabolism experiments,multiple regression equations were fitted to obtain prediction equations for feed intake and protein requirements of 3,4,and 5 month old Hu sheep ewe lambs.Among them,the maintenance requirements of crude protein,digestible protein,and net protein for 3-5 month old Hu sheep ewe lambs were respectively 9.10,5.60 and 2.80 g/(kg BW^0.75·d);The requirement of 1 g weight gain for crude protein,digestible protein,and net protein for ewe lambs were respectively 0.194,0.113 and 0.088 g.When the daily weight gain was 100-300 g/d,the crude protein requirement for growth of 3-5 month old Hu sheep ewe lambs was 88.76-174.85 g/d,the digestible protein requirement was 53.98-105.68 g/d,and the net protein requirement was 30.14-62.29 g/d.【Conclusion】 The protein requirements of Hu sheep ewe lambs during the growth period differ from the current recommended amount for sheep,which was related to their breed,age,environment,and nutrition level.The prediction equation obtained in this experiment could be used to estimate the protein requirements of Hu sheep ewe lambs during the growth period of 3-5 month old.

Key words: Hu sheep; growing ewe lambs; nitrogen metabolism; protein requirement; prediction equation

中图分类号:

S815.1

张城瑞, 魏学盛, 张明珠, 王杰, 范定坤, 张娟, 朱德志, 郭福锁, 张乃锋. 3～5月龄生长期湖羊母羔蛋白质需要量研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(5): 2128-2139.

ZHANG Chengrui, WEI Xuesheng, ZHANG Mingzhu, WANG Jie, FAN Dingkun, ZHANG Juan, ZHU Dezhi, GUO Fusuo, ZHANG Naifeng. Protein Requirements of Growing Hu Sheep Ewe Lambs During 3 to 5 Months of Age[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(5): 2128-2139.

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