不同饲喂水平对多胎萨福克公羊生长性能、屠宰性能和器官发育的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.04.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在研究饲喂水平对多胎萨福克公羊生长性能、屠宰性能、内脏等器官发育的影响。【方法】采用单因素试验方法,选择体况健康、体重相近(20.00±1.50 kg)的多胎萨福克公羊18只,随机分成3组,每组6只,试验Ⅰ组自由采食,试验Ⅱ组饲喂自由采食量的60%,试验Ⅲ组饲喂自由采食量的40%。当试验Ⅰ组试验羊平均体重达到35 kg时,将所有试验羊屠宰,测定生长性能、屠宰性能及内脏器官重量和发育情况。预饲期7 d,正试期50 d。【结果】 ①随着饲喂水平降低,试验羊平均干物质采食量(ADMI)、终末体重、净增重、平均日增重(ADG)均显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组料重比(F/G)均显著低于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。②试验Ⅰ组胴体重、胴体净肉重和脂肪重显著高于试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组,各组间差异均显著(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组净肉率显著高于其他2组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组骨重、肉骨比和腹脂重显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组腹脂率显著低于其他2组(P<0.05)。③试验Ⅰ组瘤胃重量最高,试验Ⅲ组最低,且各组之间差异显著(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组网胃重量和肠道总重量最高,试验Ⅱ组次之,试验Ⅲ组最低,3组之间差异均显著(P<0.05)。④试验Ⅰ组心脏、肝脏、肺脏和肾脏重量最高,试验Ⅱ组次之,试验Ⅲ组最低,各组间差异均显著(P<0.05)。⑤试验Ⅰ组头蹄重量最高,显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05),与试验Ⅱ组差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组皮毛、血重量最高,试验Ⅱ组次之,试验Ⅲ组最低,3组之间差异均显著(P<0.05)。【结论】不同饲喂水平可不同程度影响多胎萨福克公羊的生长性能、屠宰性能和主要生理器官发育。

关键词: 多胎萨福克羊; 饲喂水平; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 器官发育

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of feeding levels of ration on growth performance,slaughter performance,viscera and other organ development of Multiparous Suffolk rams.【Method】 18 Multiparous Suffolk rams in healthy condition with similar body weight (20.00 kg±1.50 kg) were randomly divided into three groups of six rams each.Group Ⅰ was fed ad libitum,group Ⅱ was fed 60% of the feed intake in group Ⅰ,and group Ⅲ was fed 40% of the feed intake in group Ⅰ.When the average body weight of the test sheep in group Ⅰ reached 35 kg,all test sheep were slaughtered and the growth performance,slaughter performance,and the weight and development of internal organs were measured.The pre-feeding period was 7 d,and the normal test period was 50 d.【Result】 ① With the decrease of feeding level of the ration,the dry matter intake,final weight,net weight gain and average daily weight gain of the experimental sheep were significantly decreased (P<0.05).The feed-to-gain ratio of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly lower than that of group Ⅲ (P<0.05).②The carcass weight,net carcass meat weight and fat weight of group Ⅰ were significantly higher than those of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and the difference between the groups was significant (P<0.05).The net meat rate of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than those of the other two groups (P<0.05).The bone weight,meat-bone ratio and abdominal fat weight of group Ⅰ were significantly higher than those of group Ⅲ (P<0.05).The abdominal fat rate of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than those of the other two groups (P<0.05).③The rumen weight was the highest in group Ⅰ and the lowest in group Ⅲ,and the difference between the groups was significant (P<0.05).The reticulum weight and total intestinal weight were the highest in group Ⅰ,the second highest in group Ⅱ and the lowest in group Ⅲ,and the difference between the 3 groups was significant (P<0.05).④Heart,liver,lung and kidney weights were the highest in group Ⅰ,followed by group Ⅱ and the lowest in test group Ⅲ,with significant differences among the groups (P<0.05).⑤The weight of head and hoof was the highest in group Ⅰ,which was significantly higher than that in test group Ⅲ (P<0.05),and the difference with test group Ⅱ was not significant (P>0.05).The weights of skin and hair,blood were the highest in test group Ⅰ,followed by test group Ⅱ,and the lowest in test group Ⅲ,and the difference between the three groups was significant (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Different feeding levels could affect the growth performance,slaughter performance and development of major physiological organs of Multiparous Suffolk rams to different degrees.

Key words: Multiparous Suffolk sheep; feeding level; growth performance; slaughter performance; organ development

中图分类号:

S826

牛玉杰, 郑新霞, 牛俊丽, 张文举, 陈宁, 刘艳丰. 不同饲喂水平对多胎萨福克公羊生长性能、屠宰性能和器官发育的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(4): 1304-1313.

NIU Yujie, ZHENG Xinxia, NIU Junli, ZHANG Wenju, CHEN Ning, LIU Yanfeng. Effects of Different Feeding Levels on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Organ Development of Multiparous Suffolk Rams[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(4): 1304-1313.

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