丁酸钠对鱼类肠道消化吸收的影响研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.01.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 与畜禽等动物相比，鱼类消化系统不健全，消化酶活性低，而植物性原料中常含有抗营养因子和毒性成分等，易导致肠道损伤及肠炎等疾病。丁酸等短链脂肪酸可显著改善鱼类生长性能，增强鱼体健康及抗氧化和抗应激能力。因丁酸气味不佳，影响动物适口性，丁酸钠作为丁酸的替代物，呈固态且不易挥发，易于添加使用。丁酸钠可促进肠道上皮细胞发育，改善肠道形态结构，保持肠道黏膜屏障完整，对损伤的肠道黏膜加以修复，刺激上皮细胞内mRNA和蛋白质合成，加速肠上皮细胞增殖，增加绒毛高度，促进消化吸收。丁酸钠能破坏有害菌DNA结构，蛋白质不能合成，使有害菌不能进行正常分裂，抑制肠道有害菌的生长繁殖，促进有益菌群的增殖，维持肠道菌群平衡，菌群多样性显著提高。丁酸钠可通过刺激消化酶的分泌来改善鱼类消化，降低劣质蛋白原料对肠道损伤，抑制鱼肠道细胞凋亡，减少肠道炎症发生，显著改善鱼类肠道屏障的功能。丁酸钠还可用作生长促进剂及免疫刺激剂，在低鱼粉饲料中使用可降低饲料成本，促进鱼类生长发育。因此，丁酸钠是绿色安全可替代抗生素的添加剂，同时植物蛋白适当替代鱼粉可提高经济效益。作者就丁酸钠对肠道消化吸收功能的影响进行重点阐述，以期为鱼类等水产养殖业使用丁酸钠提供科学参考。

关键词: 丁酸钠; 鱼; 肠道; 消化吸收

Abstract: Fish have an imperfect digestive system and low digestive enzyme activity compared with livestock and poultry animals. Plant raw materials often contain anti-nutritional factors and toxic components, resulting in intestinal injury, enteritis, and other diseases. Short-chain fatty acids such as butyric acid can significantly improve fish growth performance, enhance fish health, antioxidant and anti-stress ability. Due to the poor smell of butyric acid affecting the palatability of animals, sodium butyrate, as a substitute for butyric acid, is solid and non-volatile, easy to add and use. Sodium butyrate can promote the development of intestinal epithelial cells, improve the intestinal morphological structure, maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier, repair the damaged intestinal mucosa, stimulate the synthesis of mRNA and protein in epithelial cells, accelerate the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells, increase the height of villi, and promote digestion and absorption. Sodium butyrate can destroy the DNA structure of harmful bacteria, and protein can not be synthesized, so that harmful bacteria can not normally divide, inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful intestinal bacteria, promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, maintain the balance of intestinal flora, and significantly improve the diversity of flora. Sodium butyrate can improve fish digestion by stimulating the secretion of digestive enzymes, reduce the intestinal damage caused by poor protein raw materials, inhibit the apoptosis of fish intestinal cells, reduce the occurrence of intestinal inflammation, and significantly improve the function of fish intestinal barrier. Sodium butyrate can be used as a growth promoter and immune stimulant, reduce cost in low fish meal feed and improve fish growth and development. Therefore, sodium butyrate is a green and safe additive that can replace antibiotics, and plant protein can appropriately replace fish meals to improve economic benefits. The author focuses on the effect of sodium butyrate on intestinal digestion and absorption to provide a scientific reference for the application of sodium butyrate in fish and other aquaculture.

Key words: sodium butyrate; fish; intestine; digestion and absorption

中图分类号:

S816.71

李祥, 何金环, 潘春梅, 索江华, 李京. 丁酸钠对鱼类肠道消化吸收的影响研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(1): 131-139.

LI Xiang, HE Jinhuan, PAN Chunmei, SUO Jianghua, LI Jing. Research Progress on Effects of Sodium Butyrate on Intestinal Digestion and Absorption of Fish[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(1): 131-139.

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