黄芪多糖对杂交鲟用嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.03.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究黄芪多糖对嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗在杂交鲟鱼上的应用效果,以期发掘黄芪多糖用作疫苗佐剂的应用潜力。【方法】选取健康杂交鲟鱼140尾,随机分为4组(对照组、疫苗组、黄芪多糖组和联用组)并做相应免疫处理,分别于第0、7、14、21和28天采集血液,进行抗氧化指标(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD))和免疫相关指标(溶菌酶(LYZ)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)及补体C3(C3))检测;免疫结束时进行攻毒试验,观察鲟鱼死亡情况及其免疫组织病理变化。【结果】第7、14、21和28天时,与对照组相比,联用组和疫苗组杂交鲟鱼血清SOD、LYZ、ACP活性及IgM、C3含量均显著或极显著升高(P＜0.05;P＜0.01),黄芪多糖组SOD、ACP活性及IgM、C3含量均显著或极显著升高(P＜0.05;P＜0.01),LYZ活性无显著差异(P＞0.05);与疫苗组相比,黄芪多糖组血清LYZ、ACP活性均显著降低(P＜0.05),SOD活性及IgM、C3含量均无显著差异(P＞0.05);与黄芪多糖组或疫苗组相比,联用组血清SOD、LYZ活性及ACP含量均显著增加(P＜0.05),IgM含量显著降低(P＜0.05),C3含量无显著差异(P＞0.05)。黄芪多糖与灭活疫苗联用能有效增强鲟鱼的抗病力,相对免疫保护率达100%,对鲟鱼肝脏、脾脏和肠道组织无明显病理损伤。【结论】黄芪多糖与杂交鲟用嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗联用时能有效提升疫苗的抗体效价,增强该灭活疫苗接种后的保护力,从而诱导杂交鲟鱼产生免疫应答,提高自身抗病力,为嗜水气单胞菌引起的鱼类疾病防控提供了理论参考。

关键词: 黄芪多糖; 嗜水气单胞菌; 灭活疫苗; 杂交鲟鱼

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigat the effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on inactivated vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila on hybrid sturgeon,so as to explore the potential of Astragalus polysaccharide as a vaccine adjuvant.【Method】 A total of 140 healthy hybrid sturgeon were randomly divided into four groups (control group,vaccine group,Astragalus polysaccharide group and combined group) and subjected to corresponding immune treatment.Blood samples were collected on days 0,7,14,21 and 28,the antioxidant indexes (superoxide dismutase (SOD)) and immune related index (lysozyme (LYZ),acid phosphatase (ACP),immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement C3(C3)) were detected.At the end of immunization,the virus challenge test was conducted to observe the death of sturgeon and the pathological changes of immune tissues.【Result】 On days 0,7,14,21 and 28,compared with control group,the activities of SOD,LYZ and ACP,and the contents of IgM and C3 in the serum of hybrid sturgeon in combined and vaccine groups were increased significantly or extremely significantly (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The serum SOD and LYZ activities,and IgM and C3 contents in Astragalus polysaccharide group were increased significantly or extremely significantly (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while the LYZ activity was no significant difference (P＞0.05).Compared with vaccine group,the activities of LYZ and ACP in serum of Astragulus polysaccharides group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),the activity of SOD,and the contents of IgM and C3 were no significant difference(P>0.05).Compared with Astragalus polysaccharide group or vaccine groups,the serum SOD,LYZ and ACP activities in combined group were significantly increased (P＜0.05),the IgM content was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and the C3 content was no significant difference (P ＞0.05).The combination of Astragalus polysaccharide and inactivated vaccine could effectively enhance the disease resistance of hybrid sturgeon,and the relative immune protection rate reached 100%. There was no obvious pathological damage to the liver,spleen and intestinal tissue of hybrid sturgeon.【Conclusion】 When Astragalus polysaccharide was combined with Aeromonas hydrophila inactivated vaccine for hybird sturgeon,it could effectively improve the antibody titer of the vaccine and enhance the protection after the inactivated vaccination,which inducing the immune response of hybird sturgeon and improving the disease resistance,and providing a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of fish diseases caused by Aeromonas hydophila.

Key words: Astragalus polysaccharides; Aeromonas hydrophilic; inactivated vaccines; hybrid sturgeon

中图分类号:

S965.215

刘馨, 潘吉脉, 胡安东, 曾成容, 杨颖, 程振涛, 陈江凤, 姜海波, 文明. 黄芪多糖对杂交鲟用嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 1177-1184.

LIU Xin, PAN Jimai, HU Andong, ZENG Chengrong, YANG Ying, CHENG Zhentao, CHEN Jiangfeng, JIANG Haibo, WEN Ming. Effect of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila Vaccine for Hybrid Sturgeon[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(3): 1177-1184.

参考文献

[1] LI J, WU Z, WU C, et al. VasH contributes to virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila and is necessary to the T6SS-mediated bactericidal effect[J]. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2021,8:793458.
[2] SALEH A, ELKENANY R, YOUNIS G. Virulent and multiple antimicrobial resistance Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from diseased nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) in egypt with sequencing of some virulence-associated genes[J]. Biocontrol Science, 2021,26(3):167-176.
[3] 付敏, 陈天宝, 赖靖雯, 等. 饲粮能比对简州大耳羊生长性能及养分消化代谢的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2022,49(7):2523-2533. FU M,CHEN T B, LAI J W, et al. Effects of dietary energy to nitrogen ratio on growth performance, nutrient digestion and metabolism of Jianzhou Da’er goat[J]. Journal of Aquatic Biology, 2022,49(7):2523-2533. (in Chinese)
[4] SUN Y, WANG X, ZHOU H, et al. Dietary Astragalus polysaccharides ameliorates the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2020,99:603-608.
[5] 任燕, 时云朵, 石存斌, 等. 一种佐剂新料在嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗浸泡免疫异育银鲫中的应用效果[J]. 水产学报, 2018,42(1):112-119. REN Y, SHI Y D, SHI C B, et al. Efficacy of inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine with a new biodegradable material adjuvant in Carassius auratus gibelio by immersion immunization[J]. Journal of Aquaculture, 2018,42(1):112-119.(in Chinese)
[6] SHI F, LU Z, YANG M, et al. Astragalus polysaccharides mediate the immune response and intestinal microbiota in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)[J]. Aquaculture, 2021,534:736205.
[7] XUE L, WANG D, ZHANG D, et al. The immune adjuvant effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on in ovo injection of Newcastle disease vaccine[J]. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 2020,104(6):1719-1726.
[8] ZHANG W, ZHANG M, CHENG A, et al. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of Astragalus polysaccharide liposome in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2020,100:126-136.
[9] 王煜恒, 徐孝宙, 王会聪, 等. 黄芪多糖杂交鳢生长性能、免疫能力、抗氧化能力和抗病力的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018,30(4):1447-1456. WANG Y H, XU X Z, WANG H C, et al. Effects of Astragalus polysaccharide on growth performance, immunity,antioxidant capability and disease resistance of hybrid snakehead[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018,30(4):1447-1456. (in Chinese)
[10] 王卫卫, 吴谡琦, 孙修勤, 等. 硬骨鱼免疫系统的组成与免疫应答机制研究进展[J]. 海洋科学进展, 2010,28(2):257-265. WANG W W, WU S Q, SUN X Q, et al. Progress in research for components of the immune system and mechanism of the immune response in teleost[J].Advances in Marine Science, 2010,28(2):257-265. (in Chinese)
[11] LI L, ZHU R, LI M, et al. Effects of β-conglycinin on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity in Rhynchocypris lagowski dybowski[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2020,26(6):2059-2073.
[12] WU S. Dietary Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide ameliorates the growth performance and innate immunity of juvenile crucian carp (Carassius auratus)[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020,149:877-881.
[13] 向枭, 陈建, 周兴华, 等.黄芪多糖对齐口裂腹鱼生长、体组成和免疫指标的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2011,35(2):291-299. XIANG X, CHEN J, ZHOU X H, et al.Effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on growth, body composition and immune index Schizothorax prenanti[J]. Journal of Aquatic Biology, 2011,35(2):291-299. (in Chinese)
[14] 刘金海, 陈恒,罗小丽, 等. 半滑舌鳎鱼血液免疫因子对黄芪多糖的免疫应答[J]. 饲料研究, 2020,43(9):40-45. LIU J H, CHEN H, LUO X L, et al. Immune response of blood immune factor to Astragalus polysaccharide in Cynoglossus semilaevis gunther[J]. Feed Research, 2020,43(9):40-45. (in Chinese)
[15] 赵荣文, 谭丽萍, 刘同军. 溶菌酶及其应用研究进展[J]. 齐鲁工业大学学报, 2021,35(1):12-18. ZHAO R W, TAN L P,LIU T J. Research progress of lysozyme and its application [J].Journal of Qilu University of Technology,2021,35(1):12-18.(in Chinese)
[16] ZHU W, ZHANG Y, ZHANG J, et al. Astragalus polysaccharides, chitosan and poly(I:C) obviously enhance inactivated Edwardsiella ictaluri vaccine potency in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2019,87:379-385.
[17] EL-BOSHY M, EL-ASHRAM A, RISHA E, et al. Dietary fucoidan enhance the non-specific immune response and disease resistance in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, immunosuppressed by cadmium chloride[J]. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2014,162(3-4):168-173.
[18] 李任军, 马艳粉, 卢一松,等. 口服黄芪多糖增强肠道黏膜免疫及其对口蹄疫疫苗免疫的影响[J]. 中国兽医学报, 2017,37(3):491-496. LI R J, MA Y F, LU Y S, et al. Enhancement of the gut mucosal immunity and immune response to the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine by oral administration of Astagalus polysaccharide[J]. Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2017,37(3):491-496. (in Chinese)
[19] SHAN C, SUN B, DALLOUL R A, et al. Effect of the oral administration of Astragalus polysaccharides on jejunum mucosal immunity in chickens vaccinated against Newcastle disease[J]. Microbial Pathogenesis, 2019,135:103621.
[20] 罗晶晶, 王旭溟,计坚, 等. 黄芪多糖对巨噬细胞活化及其吞噬功能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 2022,58(4):236-241. LUO J J, WANG X M, JI J, et al. Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on macrophage activation and phagocytosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2022,58(4):236-241. (in Chinese)
[21] 菅玉霞, 李莉,王晓龙,等.4种常用水产药物对黄姑鱼幼鱼的急性毒性[J].水产科技情报,2022,49(3):143-149. JIAN Y X,LI L,WANG X L, et al. Acute toxicity of four commonly used aquatic medicine to juveniles Nibea albiflora[J]. Fisheries Science & Technology Information, 2022,49(3):143-149. (in Chinese)
[22] 关建义, 毛会丽, 贺文旭,等. 豫北地区嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗的制备及免疫效果的研究[J]. 中国免疫学杂志, 2015,31(11):1501-1504. GUAN J Y, MAO H L, HE W X, et al. Preparation of a deactivation vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila and research about its immue effect in the north of Henan[J]. Chinese Journal of Immunology, 2015,31(11):1501-1504. (in Chinese)