2018年国内外家兔遗传育种及繁殖研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.11.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 该文主要针对2018年国内外家兔传统育种、分子育种和繁殖技术3个方面的研究进展展开综述，其中传统育种方面主要研究了选择效应及性状评定、遗传与环境互作和种质性能测定；分子育种方面主要涉及生长、肉质、皮毛、繁殖等性状相关基因的研究；而家兔繁殖技术方面主要包括精液冷冻研究及添加物和环境对家兔繁殖的影响。2018年国内在家兔传统育种和分子育种方面研究较多，传统育种主要对一些地方品种种质性能进行了测定和比较；分子育种主要集中于肉质、皮毛和繁殖性状的研究，并获得了新的相关分子标记和基因；但家兔繁殖技术方面研究相对较少。而国外传统育种主要研究了选择与性状评定和遗传与环境互作；分子育种主要集中在筛选生长与肉质及繁殖性状分子标记的研究方面，但在皮毛性状方面的研究相对欠缺，且国外分子育种主要是使用传统的研究方法筛选分子标记或研究性状相关基因的功能，而国内多采用高通量测序技术筛选对研究性状具有重要调控功能的基因及调控网络。作者对2018年国内外家兔育种研究进行了综述，以期为今后家兔育种提供参考。

关键词: 家兔; 遗传育种; 繁殖

Abstract: The review summarized research progress on genetics and breeding in domestic and international rabbit in 2018,which mainly included traditional breeding,molecular breeding,and reproductive techniques.Selection effect and trait evaluation,interaction between heredity and environment and measurement of germplasm performance were mainly studied in traditional breeding,while related genes on growth,meat quality,fur and reproduction were mainly researched in molecular breeding.In addition,the studies of rabbit reproduction techniques referred to semen freezing and effects of additives and environment to rabbit reproduction.More researches on traditional breeding and molecular breeding of rabbits were performed at home,domestic traditional breeding mainly included measurement and comparison of genetic performance about native breed,domestic molecular breeding mainly included the researches of meat quality,fur and reproduction trait,and obtained new molecular markers and genes related to meat quality,fur and reproduction traits.However,relatively few researches were found in propagation technology of rabbits.While the research of traditional breeding abroad mainly focuses on selection and trait evaluation,interaction between heredity and environment;Molecular breeding mainly focuses on filtering molecular markers regulating growth,meat quality and reproduction,but relatively insufficient studies focusing on fur were found at abroad.Molecular breeding abroad mainly used traditional research methods to filter molecular markers and research the function of genes,while high-throughput sequencing technology was mostly used to screen genes and regulatory networks important for the studied traits in China.The author summarized the differences in domestic and international rabbit breeding in 2018 and provided references for rabbit breeding in later research.

Key words: rabbit; genetics and breeding; reproduction

中图分类号:

S829.1

张朝霞, 杨林, 丁海生, 黄冬维, 汪勇, 程广龙, 赵辉玲. 2018年国内外家兔遗传育种及繁殖研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(11): 3307-3315.

ZHANG Zhaoxia, YANG Lin, DING Haisheng, HUANG Dongwei, WANG Yong, CHENG Guanglong, ZHAO Huiling. Research Progress on Genetic Breeding and Reproduction of Domestic and International Rabbit in 2018[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(11): 3307-3315.

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