冬季不同饲养密度对湖羊育成公羊生长发育和舍内CO2、NH3浓度的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2017.10.013

《中国畜牧兽医》 ›› 2017, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 2923-2930.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2017.10.013

冬季不同饲养密度对湖羊育成公羊生长发育和舍内CO₂、NH₃浓度的影响

邓先德^1,2, 宋魁³, 付秀珍³, 吴荷群³, 高永维³, 张子荣³, 马长宾³, 姚守秀³, 陈文武³, 赵欢⁴, 秦汉明⁴

1. 农业部规划设计研究院畜牧工程研究所, 北京 100125;
2. 农业部农业设施结构工程重点实验室, 北京 100125;
3. 第六师五家渠市畜牧兽医工作站, 五家渠 831300;
4. 新疆农业大学动物科学学院, 新疆 830052

收稿日期:2017-04-11 出版日期:2017-10-20 发布日期:2017-10-20
通讯作者: 邓先德 E-mail:dengxiande@126.com
作者简介:邓先德(1966-),男,新疆阿勒泰人,博士,研究员,研究方向:动物营养与畜牧工程
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目（2013AA003-2）；第六师重大科技专项（Z1304）

Effects of Different Stocking Density on Growth and Development and CO₂,NH₃ Concentration of Hu Rams in Winter

DENG Xian-de^1,2, SONG Kui³, FU Xiu-zhen³, WU He-qun³, GAO Yong-wei³, ZHANG Zi-rong³, MA Chang-bin³, YAO Shou-xiu³, CHEN Wen-wu³, ZHAO Huan⁴, QIN Han-ming⁴

1. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China;
2. Planning Design and Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China;
3. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, The Six Division of Xinjiang Regiment, Wujiaqu 831300, China;
4. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2017-04-11 Online:2017-10-20 Published:2017-10-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验旨在研究冬季不同舍饲密度对育成公羊生长性能、屠宰性能、内脏器官发育和饲养环境的影响，采用单因素完全随机区组设计，将144只6月龄、体重相近的健康育成公羊随机分为4组，即Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组，每组6个重复，每个重复6只羊。每组饲养密度分别为0.70、1.05、1.40和1.75 m²/只，试验期55 d。结果显示：①Ⅱ组平均日增重和末重均极显著高于其他组（P < 0.01），Ⅲ、Ⅳ组极显著高于Ⅰ组（P < 0.01），Ⅱ组体增重最高，分别比Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组高20.27%、11.98%和10.23%（P < 0.01），Ⅱ组料重比极显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组（P < 0.01）；②Ⅱ组宰前活重极显著高于其他组（P < 0.01），净肉重、净肉率和肉骨比均显著高于Ⅰ组（P < 0.05），而Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组间无显著差异（P > 0.05）；③各组间除心脏和脾脏重有显著差异外，其余各器官重均未表现出显著差异（P>0.05），Ⅳ组心脏和肝脏重占活体重量比最高；④舍内的NH₃和CO₂平均浓度大小为：Ⅰ组 > Ⅱ组 > Ⅲ组 > Ⅳ组，与羊饲喂空间大小呈负相关（R²=－0.995和R²=－0.999）；⑤在不计算人工和饲料成本的情况下，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组分别获利6 345.67、7971.77、6977.80和7 025.42元，Ⅱ组经济效益最高。综上所述，试验Ⅱ组各项指标均优于其他3组，舍饲育肥羊饲养密度与生长性能的物理性拐点是1.05 m²/只。

关键词: 湖羊育成公羊; 饲养密度; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; NH₃浓度; CO₂浓度

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different stocking density on growth performance,slaughter performance,organs development and feeding environment of Hu rams in winter.144 healthy and 6 months old Hu rams with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups (groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ) with 6 reduplicates per group and 6 sheep per reduplicate. Each sheep in each group covers an area of 0.70,1.05,1.40 and 1.75 m²,respectively,and the experiment period was 55 d. The results showed that:①The final body weight and average daily gain of group Ⅱ were extremely significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.01), that of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ extremely significantly higher than group Ⅰ (P < 0.01).The body weight gain of group Ⅱ was the highest which were 20.27%,11.98% and 10.23% higher than groups Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,while the F/G of group Ⅱ was extremely significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.01).②The live weight of group Ⅱ was extremely significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.01),and the net meat weight,net meat percentage and ratio of meat to bone were significant higher than group Ⅰ (P < 0.05).③There was no significant difference of organ development among groups (P > 0.05),except heart and spleen,and the ratio of heart and liver weight to live weight of group Ⅳ were the highest.④The variations of NH₃ and CO₂ concentration during the day and night was basically same in the house. The rank of NH₃ and CO₂ concentration in all groups were group Ⅰ > group Ⅱ > group Ⅲ > group Ⅳ,which had a negative correlation with the size of sheep fed space (R²=-0.995 and R²=-0.999).⑤The profits of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 6 345.67,7971.77,6977.80 and 7 025.42 yuan,respectively,in which groupⅡ was the highest. In conclusion,the group Ⅱ had the better effects than the other three groups, Therefore,the physical inflection point of stall-feeding density and growth performance of sheep stocking was 1.05 m²/a.

Key words: Hu growth ram; stocking density; growth performance; slaughter performance; NH₃ concentration; CO₂ concentration

中图分类号:

S815.4

邓先德, 宋魁, 付秀珍, 吴荷群, 高永维, 张子荣, 马长宾, 姚守秀, 陈文武, 赵欢, 秦汉明. 冬季不同饲养密度对湖羊育成公羊生长发育和舍内CO₂、NH₃浓度的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2017, 44(10): 2923-2930.

DENG Xian-de, SONG Kui, FU Xiu-zhen, WU He-qun, GAO Yong-wei, ZHANG Zi-rong, MA Chang-bin, YAO Shou-xiu, CHEN Wen-wu, ZHAO Huan, QIN Han-ming. Effects of Different Stocking Density on Growth and Development and CO₂,NH₃ Concentration of Hu Rams in Winter[J]. , 2017, 44(10): 2923-2930.

参考文献

[1] 韩秀珍.我国肉羊业发展现状及对策[J].中国草食家畜,2013,33(4):73-75.
[2] 李诗洪.浅谈家畜饲养密度[J].草业与畜牧,1983,4:75-80.
[3] 钟水铭,白健康.肉牛舍饲密度试验[J].国外畜牧科技,1985,6:30-31.
[4] 蒲施桦,杨松全,林保忠,等.饲养密度对荣昌保育仔猪生产性能的影响[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2015,1:40-41.
[5] 李建慧,苗志强,杨玉等,等.不同饲养方式和饲养密度对肉鸡生长性能及肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(2):569-577.
[6] Prasanta K S, Saikia S,Baruah K K. Effect of stocking density on growth performance and feed efficiency of Hampshire grower pigs reared under identical feeding and management[J].Indian Vet J,2004,81(3):299-301.
[7] Hyun Y,Ellis M,Johnson R W. Effects of feeder type,space allowance,and mixing on the growth performance and feed intake pattern of growing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1998,76(11):2771-2778.
[8] Weng R C,Edwards S A,English P R. Behaviour,social interactions and lesion scores of group-housed sows in relation to floor space allowance[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,1998,59(4):307-316.
[9] Turner S P,Ewen M,Rooke J,et al. The effect of space allowance on performance,aggression and immune competence of growing pigs housed on straw deep-litter at different group sizes[J].Livestock Production Science,2000,66(1):47-55.
[10] De Vries A,Dechassa H,Hogeveen H.Economic evaluation of stall stocking density of lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(5):3848-3857.
[11] 于江明,王秋菊,刘勃麟,等.不同饲养密度对笼养鸡十二指肠道菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(3):899-907.
[12] 王磊,陈文武,吴荷群,等.冬季不同饲养密度对肉羊生产性能的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(7):23-27.
[13] Brumm M C.Effect of space allowance on barrow performance to 136 kilograms body weight[J].Journal of Animal Science,1996,74:745-749.
[14] 陈友慷,李治沦,潘其清,等.饲养密度对猪生产效果和行为的影响[J].家畜生态,1994,15(2):14-17.
[15] Beattie V E,Walker N,Sneddon I A. An investigation of the effect of environmental enrichment and space,allowance on the behavior and production of growing pigs[J]. Applied Animal Behaviour Science,1996,48:151-158.
[16] 卢营杰,苗志强,李建慧,等.饲养密度与活动空间对肉鸡免疫和应激指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(9):2927-2935.
[17] 吴荷群,付秀珍,陈文武,等.冬季不同舍饲密度对育肥羊屠宰性能及肉品质的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(12):152-156.
[18] 张明,刁其玉,赵国琦.环境富集和饲养密度对绵羊福利的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(7):17-20.
[19] Simsek U G,Ciftci M,Cerci I H,et al. Impact of stocking density and feeding regimen on broiders:Performance,carcass traits and bone mineralisation[J]. Journal of Applied Animal Research,2011,39(3):230-233.
[20] 王洪伟,徐金会,靳鹏,等.野生黑线仓鼠脏器重量的增龄变化[J].四川动物,2010,29(4):614-617.
[21] Onbasilar E E,Poyraz Ö,Erdem E,et al. Influence of lighting periods and stocking density on performance,carcass characteristics and some stress parameters in broilers[J].Archiv Fur Geflügelkunde,2008,72(5):193-200.
[22] 童海兵,邵丹,张珊,等.不同饲养密度对肉鸡舍内有害气体、粉尘和微生物的影响[J].中国家禽,2014,36(20):30-33.
[23] 王龙.不同饲养密度对层叠笼养蛋鸡生产性能及福利影响[D].大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2015.

冬季不同饲养密度对湖羊育成公羊生长发育和舍内CO₂、NH₃浓度的影响

Effects of Different Stocking Density on Growth and Development and CO₂,NH₃ Concentration of Hu Rams in Winter

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李杨辉, 许涛, 张淑贤, 刘珂, 贾天晴, 陈宁, 尹君亮, 席琳乔, 王栋, 周小玲. 孜然秸秆替代小麦秸秆对羔羊生长和屠宰性能及血浆生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2296-2304.
[2]	吴立婷, 陆睿, 刘半红, 包红朵, 王永娟, 周艳, 王冉, 张辉. 产气荚膜梭菌噬菌体及乳酸杆菌联用改善肉鸡生长性能和调节肠道菌群功能研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2321-2332.
[3]	欧阳坤, 魏立民, 孙瑞萍, 解娅立, 齐琪, 李想, 刘圈炜, 晁哲, 张永亮, 陈婷. 姜黄素对海南屯昌猪生长性能、饲料养分表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(5): 1867-1875.
[4]	张华强, 王品胜, 李晓, 魏攀鹏, 闫灵敏, 蒋兵兵, 王兆贵, 王学方, 曾焕青, 范毅, 高正龙, 王学兵. 发酵杂交构树对湖羊生长性能、肉品质、消化酶活力及肠道菌群结构的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(5): 1876-1887.
[5]	任建刚, 关鹏, 黄建智, 盛月云, 包铁柱, 马治平, 钱文熙. 饲粮能量水平对安格斯公牛育肥性能及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 966-976.
[6]	刘震, 周雪勤, 徐翡, 李浙烽, 孙寒雪, 李国勤, 陶争荣, 官梅, 郑强, 刁新平, 卢立志. 包被丁酸钠对种鸽和乳鸽的生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数及消化酶活性的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(3): 998-1006.
[7]	李彬, 史正玲, 曾子悠, 黄颖妍, 李林, 杜自来, 纪一凡, 王迪, 虞洁, 梅绍锋. 菊苣对不同性别麻黄肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 500-511.
[8]	王园, 王文文, 安晓萍, 齐景伟. 发酵豆粕对断奶仔猪生长性能、消化酶及肠道菌群结构的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 115-124.
[9]	林厦菁, 郑春田, 席鹏彬, 程忠刚, 丁发源, 阮栋, 王一冰, 蒋守群. 22~42日龄黄羽肉鸡饲粮苏氨酸需要量研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(1): 134-142.
[10]	沃野千里, 高铎, 马峰涛, 金宇航, 刘茁, 孙鹏. 两种有机锌源对新生犊牛生长性能及锌代谢的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(9): 3382-3390.
[11]	汪曼丽, 谭子涵, 王帅杰, 李倩, 曾一桐, 王蕾, 赵迪, 张倩, 侯永清. 槲皮素对PEDV感染幼龄仔猪的生长性能、血液生化指标和肠道吸收与屏障功能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(9): 3411-3418.
[12]	陈丽红, 赵梦迪, 刘可园, 宁浩然, 崔凯, 李光玉, 孙伟丽. 13~17周龄雄性雉鸡饲粮适宜代谢能水平研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(8): 2943-2952.
[13]	彭凯, 陈冰, 赵红霞, 王丽娟, 朱喜锋, 黄文. 缩合单宁对海鲈生长性能、体成分、营养物质表观消化率及肠道组织结构的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(8): 2953-2960.
[14]	陈雪颖, 王慧晟, 吴杰, 邓波, 刁新平. 饲粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌和解淀粉芽孢杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能及血液指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(7): 2547-2556.
[15]	任建明, 纪鹏, 张晓松, 魏彦明, 朱潇鹏, 朱跃明. 健脾消导中药复方对6月龄西杂牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和血清指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(7): 2593-2600.