谷氨酸渣对秦川肉牛生长发育和血液生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2017.08.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验旨在研究添加不同水平的谷氨酸渣对秦川牛肉用新品系（以下简称"秦川肉牛"）生长发育和血液生化指标的影响。选取秦川肉牛18月龄公牛、母牛及8月龄阉牛各12头，按照单因素随机区组设计分成4组，每组9头牛（含3头公牛、3头母牛和3头阉牛），各组添加不同水平的谷氨酸渣替代日粮中部分豆粕，即对照组（0）、试验Ⅰ组（1.5%）、试验Ⅱ组（3.0%）、试验Ⅲ组（4.5%）。试验期100 d，期间进行采食量和体重测定，试验结束后采集血样进行血液生化指标测定。结果表明：试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肉牛平均日增重（ADG）显著高于对照组（P<0.05），且试验Ⅱ组显著高于试验Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肉牛干物质采食量（DMI）显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅱ组肉牛料重比（F/G）也显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组肉牛血液碱性磷酸酶含量显著高于试验Ⅲ组（P<0.05），其余血液生化指标在各组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。肉牛血液碱性磷酸酶含量与平均日增重之间相关性极显著（P<0.01）。综合以上结果，添加3.0%谷氨酸渣替代日粮中部分豆粕可以促进肉牛采食，提高其平均日增重（提高22.62%），降低料重比（降低10.85%）；日粮中适量添加谷氨酸渣（1.5%~3.0%）显著提高了肉牛血液中碱性磷酸酶活性，该酶活性的高低可能是衡量肉牛生长发育水平的重要指标。

关键词: 秦川肉牛; 谷氨酸渣; 生长发育; 血液生化指标

Abstract:

The aim of the study was to research the effects of glutamic acid residue on growth and blood biochemical indexes of Qinchuan beef cattle. 12 bulls of 18-month-age,12 cows of 18-month-age and 12 bullocks of 8-month-age were selected and randomly allocated to 4 groups with 9 cattle per group (including 3 bulls,3 cows and 3 bullocks) in a single factor randomized block design.The control group and groupⅠ,Ⅱand Ⅲ were used 0,1.5%,3.0%,4.5% glutamic acid residue to replace part of soybean meal of diets. Feeding trial lasted for 100 d.Intake and body weight were measured at each stage during trial periord.At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected to detect blood biochemical indexes.The results showed as follows:The average daily gain(ADG) of cattle in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05),and the value of group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). The dry matter intake (DMI) of cattle in group Ⅱand Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The feed/gain ratio (F/G) in group Ⅱwas significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05).As for the blood biochemical indexes, the contents of alkaline phosphatase of control group, groupⅠand Ⅱwere significantly higher than that of group Ⅲ (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences for other biochemical indexes (P>0.05). The correlation between the average daily gain and the blood content of alkaline phosphatase was extremely significant (P<0.01). In conclusion,it could improve feed intake, daily gain (increased by 22.62%) and decrease the F/G (decreased by 10.85%) by using 3.0% glutamic acid residue replacing part of soybean meal in diets for Qinchuan beef cattle. Adding appropriate glutamic acid residue (1.5% to 3.0%)in diet could increase the level of blood alkaline phosphatase,which should be an important index to reflect the growth of Qinchuan beef cattle.

Key words: Qinchuan beef cattle; glutamic acid residue; growth; blood biochemical indexes

中图分类号:

S815.8

段鹏杰, 王淑辉, 曹阳春, 昝林森. 谷氨酸渣对秦川肉牛生长发育和血液生化指标的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2017, 44(8): 2295-2302.

DUAN Peng-jie, WANG Shu-hui, CAO Yang-chun, ZAN Lin-sen. Effects of Glutamic Acid Residue on Growth and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Qinchuan Beef Cattle[J]. , 2017, 44(8): 2295-2302.

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