《中国畜牧兽医》 ›› 2016, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (8): 2005-2012.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.08.011

• 动物营养与饲料科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

能量水平对舍饲育肥牦牛肌肉理化指标和氨基酸、脂肪酸组成及含量的影响

王斌星1, 王鼎1, 郭春华1, 陈光吉1, 彭忠利1, 王永1,2, 蹇尚林3   

  1. 1. 西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院, 成都 610041;
    2. 西南民族大学, 动物遗传育种学国家民委 —教育部共建重点实验室, 成都 610041;
    3. 四川省阿坝州畜牧工作站, 马尔康 624000
  • 修回日期:2016-04-21 出版日期:2016-08-20 发布日期:2016-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 郭春华 E-mail:www.gch33@aliyun.com
  • 作者简介:王斌星(1990-),男,安徽岳西人,硕士生,研究方向:反刍动物营养,E-mail:1045302767@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目——优质牦牛肉生产关健养殖技术研究(2016NGJPY09)

Effects of Energy Level on Physical and Chemical Indicators,Composition and Content of Amino Acids and Fatty Acids in Muscle of House-fed Yaks

WANG Bin-xing1, WANG Ding1, GUO Chun-hua1, CHEN Guang-ji1, PENG Zhong-li1, WANG Yong1,2, JIAN Shang-lin3   

  1. 1. College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China;
    3. Aba Livestock Workstation, Sichuan Province, Maerkang 624000, China
  • Revised:2016-04-21 Online:2016-08-20 Published:2016-08-23

摘要:

本研究旨在探讨能量水平对舍饲育肥牦牛肌肉理化指标和氨基酸、脂肪酸组成及含量的影响。选取60头体况良好、平均体重为(192.66±3.64)kg的3周岁左右的舍饲育肥麦洼公牦牛,采用完全随机试验设计,每组20个重复,每个重复1头牦牛。饲喂粗蛋白质(CP)水平为14.81%,增重净能(net energy for gain,NEg)分别为4.17(低能量组,LE)、4.48(中能量组,ME)、4.79 MJ/kg(高能量组,HE)的3种日粮。试验期共97 d,其中预试期7 d,正试期90 d。结果显示,各处理组牦牛肌肉的pH、熟肉率和滴水损失3个理化指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);各处理组牦牛肌肉常规营养成分的水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙和磷含量无显著差异(P>0.05);除ME组牦牛肌肉中的脯氨酸(Pro)和组氨酸(His)含量显著高于其余两组外(P<0.05),总氨基酸和其他种类的氨基酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05);ME组单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸及总不饱和脂肪酸相对含量显著高于LE、HE组(P<0.05),HE组总饱和脂肪酸显著高于LE、ME组(P<0.05)。对于各种类脂肪酸,ME组的C15:1 n-3、C16:1 n-2和C18:1 n-8 3种单不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著大于其余两组(P<0.05);而HE组的C17:0含量则有显著高于其余两组的趋势。在本试验条件下,舍饲育肥牦牛日粮中适宜的NEg水平为4.48 MJ/kg(日粮DM),适宜日粮NEg水平能提高牦牛肌肉中脂肪酸的含量。

关键词: 舍饲育肥牦牛; 能量水平; 理化指标; 氨基酸; 脂肪酸

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of energy level on the physical and chemical indicators,the composition and content of amino acids and fatty acids in muscle of house-fed yaks.A complete randomized design was adopted in this study,and sixty healthy and 3-year-old Maiwa yaks with an average body weight of (192.66±3.64)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 20 replicates per group and 1 yak per replicate.Diets for all groups were of the same crude protein content (14.81%) and different net energy levels for gain (NEg) with 4.17(LE),4.48(ME) and 4.79 MJ/kg (HE),respectively for 97 days (7-day pretrial period,and 90-day feeding trial).The results showed as follows:The level of energy had no effect on the value of pH,cooking yield,drip loss,moisture,crude protein (CP),crude fat (EE),calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) (P>0.05).Except for the content of proline and histidine in muscle of group ME were significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05),the content of total amino acids and other kinds of amino acids had no significant difference (P>0.05).The content of monounsaturated fatty acids,polyunsaturated fatty acids and total unsaturated fatty acids in ME group were significantly higher than the LE and HE groups,and the content of total saturated fatty acids in HE group higher than the LE and ME groups.For all kinds of fatty acid,the content of C15:1 n-3,C16:1 n-2 and C18:1 n-8 three monounsaturated fatty acids in ME group significantly increased than the other two groups (P<0.05);And the content of C17:0 in HE group had a significat rise trend.In conclusion,we recommend 4.48 MJ/kg (DM basis) as a diet appropriate NEg level for the barn feeding of fattening yak under this experimental condition,appropriate NEg level of diet could improve the fatty acids content in muscle of the yaks.

Key words: house-fed yak; energy level; physical and chemical indicators; amino acids; fatty acids

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