饲养方式对滩羊羔羊肌肉及脂肪组织中脂肪酸组成的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.06.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究饲养方式对滩羊羔羊肌肉和脂肪组织中脂肪酸组成的影响，试验选择24只健康且体重相近（14.16 kg±0.58 kg）的2月龄滩羊羔羊随机分成舍饲组和放牧组，每组12只，于4月龄屠宰取其背最长肌、股二头肌、膈肌、皮下脂肪、肾周脂肪、尾部脂肪，用气相色谱仪测定脂肪酸含量。结果表明：①在肌肉组织饱和脂肪酸中，与放牧组相比，舍饲组滩羊羔羊股二头肌丁酸、棕榈酸含量显著提高（P<0.05），膈肌辛酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）。在肌肉组织不饱和脂肪酸中，与放牧组比较，舍饲组滩羊羔羊背最长肌棕榈油酸、花生四烯酸含量显著降低（P<0.05），γ-亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸含量显著提高（P<0.05），二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）极显著提高（P<0.01）；股二头肌花生四烯酸含量显著降低（P<0.05），十七碳一烯酸、α-亚麻酸、EPA、n-3 PUFA含量极显著提高（P<0.01）；膈肌棕榈油酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）。②在脂肪组织饱和脂肪酸中，与放牧组比较，舍饲滩羊羔羊皮下脂肪十一碳酸、十五碳酸含量显著降低（P<0.05），十三碳酸含量极显著降低（P<0.01）；肾周脂肪葵酸、肉豆蔻酸含量显著降低（P<0.05），丁酸、硬脂酸含量极显著提高（P<0.01）；尾脂十一碳酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）。在脂肪组织不饱和脂肪酸中，与放牧组比较，舍饲滩羊羔羊皮下脂肪十八碳二烯酸含量极显著提高（P<0.01），肉豆蔻油酸、棕榈油酸、γ-亚麻酸含量极显著降低（P<0.01）；肾周脂肪十八碳一烯酸、α-亚麻酸、n-3PUFA含量显著提高（P<0.05），肉豆蔻油酸含量显著降低（P<0.05），十七碳一烯酸、二十碳二烯酸、十八碳二烯酸含量极显著提高（P<0.01）；尾脂肉豆蔻油酸、棕榈油酸含量显著降低（P<0.05），十八碳二烯酸含量极显著提高（P<0.01）。综上，不同饲养方式对滩羊羔羊肌肉和脂肪组织脂肪酸含量存在一定影响，舍饲滩羊羔羊股二头肌中饱和脂肪酸含量及肾周脂肪中不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于放牧滩羊羔羊。

关键词: 饲养方式; 滩羊; 肌肉及脂肪组织; 脂肪酸

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of feeding modes on fatty acid composition in muscle and adipose tissue of Tan sheep lambs,24 healthy 2-month-old Tan sheep lambs with similar weight (14.16 kg±0.58 kg) were randomly divided into house feeding group and grazing group.12 of each group were slaughtered at 4 months of age,and the longissimus dorsi muscle,biceps femoris,diaphragm,subcutaneous fat,perirenal fat and tail fat were collected for the determination of fatty acid contents by gas chromatograph.The results showed that:①In saturated fatty acids of muscle tissue,compared with the grazing group,the contents of C4∶0 and C16∶0 in biceps femoris of Tan sheep lambs in the house feeding group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and C8∶0,C12∶0,C14∶0 in the diaphragm content were significantly reduced (P<0.05).In unsaturated fatty acids of muscle tissue,compared with the grazing group,the contents of C16∶1,C20∶4n6 in longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep lambs in the house feeding group were significantly reduced (P<0.05),C18∶3n6,C18∶3n3 content significantly increased (P<0.05),C20∶5n3,n-3 PUFA extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).Compared with the grazing group,the content of C20∶4n6 in biceps femoris of Tan sheep lambs in the house was significantly reduced (P<0.05),and the contents of C17∶1,C18∶3n3,C20∶5n3 and n-3 PUFA were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).Compared with the grazing group,the content of C16∶1 in diaphragm muscle of the house feeding group was significantly reduced (P<0.05).② Among the saturated fatty acids in adipose tissue,compared with the grazing group,the contents of C11∶0 and C15∶0 in subcutaneous fat of the house feeding group were significantly reduced (P<0.05),and the content of C13∶0 was extremely significantly reduced (P<0.01).Compared with the grazing group,the contents of C10∶0 and C14∶0 in perinephric fat of Tan sheep lambs fed in the house were significantly reduced (P<0.05),and the contents of C4∶0 and C18∶0 were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).Compared with the grazing group,the content of C11∶0 in tail fat of Tan sheep lambs fed in the shed significantly decreased (P<0.05).Among the unsaturated fatty acids in adipose tissue,the content of C18∶2n6t in the subcutaneous fat of Tan sheep lambs fed in the house was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the contents of C14∶1,C16∶1 and C18∶3n6 were extremely significantly reduced (P<0.01).Compared with the grazing group,the contents of C18∶1n9t,C18∶3n3 and n-3 PUFA in perinephric fat of Tan sheep lambs fed in the house were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the content of C14∶1 was significantly decreased (P<0.05),the contents of C17∶1,C20∶2 and C18∶2n6t increased significantly (P<0.01).Compared with the grazing group,the contents of C14∶1 and C16∶1 in tail fat of Tan sheep lambs in the shed were significantly reduced (P<0.05),and the content of C18∶2n6t was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).In conclusion,fatty acid contents in muscle and adipose tissue of Tan sheep lambs were affected by different feeding modes.The content of saturated fatty acid in biceps femoris muscle and unsaturated fatty acid in perirenal fat of Tan sheep lambs fed in the house were significantly higher than that of grazing Tan sheep lambs.

Key words: feeding method; Tan sheep; muscle and adipose tissue; fatty acids

中图分类号:

S815.2

火苗, 李娅楠, 杨思瑞, 朱相德, 徐晓锋, 张力莉. 饲养方式对滩羊羔羊肌肉及脂肪组织中脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(6): 2020-2032.

HUO Miao, LI Yanan, YANG Sirui, ZHU Xiangde, XU Xiaofeng, ZHANG Lili. Effect of Feeding Methods on Fatty Acid Composition of Muscle and Adipose Tissue in Tan Sheep Lamb[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(6): 2020-2032.

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