自然霉变玉米和玉米蛋白粉对仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清酶水平的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.1671-7236.2015.03.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在研究自然霉变玉米和玉米蛋白粉(M)对仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清酶水平的影响.选用28日龄平均体重(9.59±0.79)kg的健康三元杂交(杜×长×大)仔猪15头,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复1头仔猪.对照组饲喂基础日粮,50% M组和100% M组分别用自然霉变玉米和玉米蛋白粉替代基础日粮中50%和100%优质的玉米及玉米蛋白粉.预试期7 d,正试期15 d.结果表明:①随着自然霉变玉米和玉米蛋白粉替代比例的增加,仔猪平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)呈线性或二次曲线降低(P <0.05),其中,50% M、100% M组仔猪ADG显著降低,100% M组ADFI显著降低(P <0.05).②随着自然霉变玉米和玉米蛋白粉替代比例的增加,仔猪日粮总能(GE)、有机物(OM)、干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)和粗脂肪(EE)的表观消化率呈线性或二次曲线降低(P <0.05).③随着自然霉变玉米和玉米蛋白粉替代比例的增加,血清中天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、肌酸激酶(CK)水平呈线性或二次曲线降低(P <0.05),丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平呈线性或二次曲线升高(P <0.05),碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平呈先降后升的二次曲线变化(P <0.05).综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲喂自然霉变玉米和玉米蛋白粉可降低仔猪生长性能,降低日粮总能、有机物、干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪的表观消化率,影响机体血清酶的正常水平.

关键词: 仔猪; 生长性能; 养分表观消化率; 血清酶; 霉菌毒素

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of naturally contaminated corn and corn gluten meal on growth performance,apparent digestibility and serum enzymes of piglets.A total of fifteen piglets (Duroc×Large White×Landrace) aged 28 days,with average weight of 9.59 kg ± 0.79 kg were randomly divided into three treatments,each treatment of five replicates of one piglet.The control group was given the basic diet,50% M and 100% M groups were given the diets in which normal corn and corn gluten meal were 50% and 100% replaced by naturally contaminated corn and corn gluten meal,respectively.The pre-experiment period lasted for 7 d,and the experiment period lasted for 15 d.The results showed as follows: ① With the increase addition ratio of naturally contaminated corn and corn gluten meal,the daily gain and daily feed intake of all piglets were decreased linearly or quadraticly (P <0.05),the daily gain in 50% M and 100% M groups was significantly reduced (P <0.05),the daily feed intake in 100% M group was significantly reduced (P <0.05) throughout the experiment.② With the increase addition ratio of naturally contaminated corn and corn gluten meal,the apparent digestibility of total energy,organic matter,dry matter,crude protein and ether extract were decreased linearly or quadraticly (P <0.05).③ With the increase addition ratio of naturally contaminated corn and corn gluten meal,the serum concentrations of AST and CK were decreased linearly or quadraticly (P <0.05),the serum concentration of ALT was increased linearly or quadraticly (P <0.05),however,the serum concentration of ALP was decreased first and then increased quadraticly (P <0.05).Therefore,under the experimental conditions,feeding naturally contaminated corn and corn gluten meal diets reduced growth performance and the apparent digestibility of total energy,organic matter,dry matter,crude protein and ether extract,resulted in a negative impact on the concentrations of serum enzymes on piglets.

Key words: piglets; growth performance; apparent digestibility; serum enzymes; mycotoxins

中图分类号:

S828

刘宁, 杨在宾, 杨维仁, 姜淑贞, 张桂国, 杨玲, 牛群升. 自然霉变玉米和玉米蛋白粉对仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清酶水平的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》---唯一指定的官方网站, 2015, 42(3): 583-588.

LIU Ning, YANG Zai-bin, YANG Wei-ren, JIANG Shu-zhen, ZHANG Gui-guo, YANG Ling, NIU Qun-sheng. Effects of Naturally Contaminated Corn and Corn Gluten Meal on Growth Performance, Apparent Digestibility and Serum Enzymes of Piglets[J]. , 2015, 42(3): 583-588.

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